Summary Of The Book Into The Wild - 1766 Words

Brief Summary and â€Å"Arrangement† of the Book: †¢ Into the Wild is the story of Chris McCandless’ journey across America and eventually his death in Fairbanks, Alaska. Krakauer weaves the story of McCandless with accounts of other survivalists that are similar to McCandless along with his own experiences. †¢ There are 18 chapters along with and epilogue. Each chapter is characterized by a certain place that Chris or another person visited and are not in chronological order. †¢ Chapter 1: Chris meets a truck driver outside of Fairbanks, Alaska and introduces himself as Alex. He says he is going out on the Stampede trail (usually unmarked) which worries the truck driver because he notices that Chris lacks all of the basic necessities that one requires to survive in the wilderness. †¢ Chapter 2: This chapter jumps to the discovery of McCandless’ body. Two hikers smell his body and find a note that is asking for help. In the autopsy report it is concluded that Chris died of starvation, his body weighing a mere 67 pounds. †¢ Chapter 3: A man named Westberg remembers Chris, who he knew as â€Å"Alex†, as a friendly enthusiastic young man that was the hardest worker he had ever seen. It is said that Chris actually came from an upper-middleclass family and lived in a wealthy suburb of Washington D.C. †¢ Chapters 4-5: In the Mojave Desert, Chris journals leaving his car in a ditch and burning all of his money and possessions. After hitchhiking around the west for a few months he buys a canoeShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of the Green Mile Essay1007 Words   |  5 PagesEnglish 110 November 3, 2011 Summary of the Novel, â€Å"The Green Mile† A summary of any novel by Stephen King has to include a small biography of the horror novelist, himself. Publishing this novel in 1996 as a serial novel, with the first edition actually coming out as one of six small paperbacks that were eventually made into one novel. Stephen King is well known for his horror novels, therefore, this summary of the novel â€Å"The Green Mile† shows this book set in the 1930s and is a deviationRead MoreThe Call Of The Wild1092 Words   |  5 Pages The book ‘The Call of the Wild’ uses the characters, storyline and subject matter to explore ideas that almost all of us experience. This lesson will fill you in on these themes, help with understanding the storyline, and offer a few questions to test your comprehension. !!!’’The Call of the Wild’’ - The Basics Author __Jack London__ wasn t your typical storyteller. Born in 1876, he drew inspiration for his work as a novelist and journalist from his early life experiences in poverty, as a sailorRead MoreThe Dark Night of the Soul Essay932 Words   |  4 Pagesby Amber Kramer Summary Essay: The Dark Night of the Soul Richard E. Miller essay â€Å"The Dark Night of the Soul† to be an interesting way to think about reading and writing in today’s world. Richard uses the violence in the world to question if our educational system is relevant to keeping us safe and whether the power literature can be used to change the tragic event that happen around us every day. Richard begins with a few horrific events such as ColumbineRead MoreGlobalization and Its Impact on International Business Essay1558 Words   |  7 Pages........3 What is Globalization....................................................4 The engines for Globalizations†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 Globalization’s impacts on international business†¦..7 The road ahead for international business†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦9 Summary†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..11 Reference†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦12 Introduction Every day we hear it on the news, read it in the papers, overhear people talking about it†¦ and in every single instance the word globalization seems to have a different meaningRead MoreInto The Wild By Jon Krakauer1349 Words   |  6 PagesSummary Into the Wild by Jon Krakauer is a true story about Chris McCandless who is found dead in the Alaskan wild during September 1992. After discovering that his father had a secret secondary family when Chris was young, Chris pushes away his friends and family and eventually isolates himself. He obtains $25,000 from his parents by lying about attending law school and drives away from home, deserting his real name. He later leaves his car in Georgia after an engine breakdown due to rain damageRead MoreThus Spoke Zaratustra by Frederich Nietzche966 Words   |  4 Pagesvoices speaking as one shows a grasp for the written word that few have accomplished. With metaphors abound and a deep understanding of literary masterpieces, Nietzsche portrays the world that we live in with such grace. The literal translation of the book takes a highly spiritual stance, but in between the lines there is such depth of knowledge and understanding. While Nietzsche writes many chapters to express his understa nding through Zarathustra, the theme’s and messages are all very similar. EveryRead MoreComparing The Novel The Woman Warrior And Wild 1167 Words   |  5 PagesThe books I’ve chosen to review are set on two different continents. This makes the comparison of the lives of women across the world more efficient and broader. What makes the comparison more practical, realistic and interesting is the fact that the characters in the two books The Woman Warrior and Wild , lived in the same century. The authors specifically bring out the duties and the expectation that mothers were held to in the upbringing of their daughters as at that time and place. TheRead MoreThe Battle of the Labyrinth737 Words   |  3 PagesBook Report The Battle of the Labyrinth Rick Riordan Introduction This book report is for the compilation of our project in English to be submitted to __________. The title of this book report is The Battle of the Labyrinth by Rick Riordan. It has twenty chapters with 361 pages and published by Disney Hyperion Books, an imprint of Disney Book group. Rick Riordan is the author of the New York Times #1 best-selling Percy Jackson and The Olympians Series. He lives in San Antonio, Texas, withRead MoreLord of the Flies1669 Words   |  7 PagesLord Of The Flies Summary [pic] |Lord Of The Flies Summary - The Island | |Lord of the Flies is set during World War 2 on a tropical island in the Coral Sea. A group of boys survive a plane crash and are| |left stranded on a deserted island with no adults. At first the boys cling to the principles and laws they were taught during | |their upbringing. They call a meeting where they establish rules,Read MoreThe Character Traits of Chris McCandless1172 Words   |  5 Pageseven was he was just a young boy, he showed how he was fearless and brave, his strong character was acknowledged as a young age by his father and his family. How many people have packed up a few of their belongings and just took a journey into the wild? Chris did and he took nothing along just what he could carry on his back, he proved to many individuals that all you really need is yourself to get you through the tough situations that you will encounter along they way. Chris’s actions and his way

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Cbt - 946 Words

For my group observation I choose to observe Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, CBT in a group setting for co-occurring adults. CBT was developed by Aaron T Beck in the 1960’s as a short term, structured, present-term psychotherapy for clients with depression (Rathod et al, 2015). It was geared toward solving current problems and modifying dysfunctional thoughts, and behaviors through use of the cognitive model. In the 1990’s CBT became more popular in dealing with the more serious and challenging mental health disorders. Co-occurring means that the clients are dual diagnosed with an Axis 1 of some sort of mental illness such as Bipolar or Schizoaffective disorder. This is a group that is held on Wednesdays and Fridays at 11 am at the mental health clinic where I am a full time case manager. The meeting is held in one of our group room that has a long table with about 15 to 20 chairs around it. The meetings last about one hour and are facilitated by our co-occurring thera pist, Wendy Palmer. I first attended a one on one meeting Wendy had to get a feel for the material she uses for her therapy sessions. In both her private sessions and in the group setting Wendy utilizes a workbook by Michael Cofield, PhD, ABPP which has been adapted for TERROS, our organization. It is called The Road Map to Peace of Mind. I sat in on her one on one on March 31st, she went over the workbook and its purpose before the client came in. She uses the workbook with him to process his behaviorsShow MoreRelatedCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt )2001 Words   |  9 PagesINTRODUCTION Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is ubiquitous and a proven approach to treatment for a host of diverse psychological difficulties (Wedding Corsini, 2014). There are copious of acceptable created experiments that show to be highly useful in treating anxiety disorders through GAD Generalized Anxiety Disorder approach (Fawn Spiegler, 2008). The purpose of this assignment is to expound on the client’s demography and demonstrating concern. The first procedure in this assignment willRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt )937 Words   |  4 PagesFirst and foremost, what is cognitive behavioral therapy? The Mayo Clinic website defines cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) as a common type of psychotherapy, talk therapy, wherein the individual seeking therapy works with a mental health counselor in a structured way for a prescribed set of meeting. (web citation) CBT is a goal oriented therapeutic approach which allows the individual in therapy to identify troubling situations or conditions in their life; allows the individual to become awareRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt )1373 Words   |  6 PagesLiterature Review Cognitive behavioral therapy is a widely-used technique that is practiced in a variety of different fields across the spectrum. Cognitive behavioral therapy is derived from the cognitive behavioral theory. According to Dorflinger (2016), Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a therapy approach that addresses maladaptive thoughts and behaviors that can negatively impact mood and overall function (p. 1286). Cognitive behavioral therapy is a mix between cognitive therapy and behaviorRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt )1257 Words   |  6 Pages Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a short-term, empirically valid amalgamation of facets from cognitive and behavior therapies. Cognitive-behaviorists believe that psychological problems stem from maladaptivity in both thought and behavior patterns, whether self-taught or learned from others. Therefore, changes have to take place in both thoughts and actions. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is structured as collaboration between clie nt and therapist, focusing on the present. A prominent aspectRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt ) Essay935 Words   |  4 PagesCognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a therapeutic approach that is based on a combination of cognitive and behavioral therapy. CBT focuses on how a person’s distorted thought process and inaccurate belief system influences their mood and behaviors. Once it can be identified, the blended therapy aims to change a person’s thinking to be more adaptive and healthy, which will lead to change unhealthy behavior patterns (National Institute of Mental Health, 2015). This type of psychotherapy has beenRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt )1697 Words   |  7 PagesCognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is one therapeutic approach that is capable of providing this group with effective psychotherapeutic treatment and interventions as well as approaches that enhances the effectiveness and efficiency of group therapy. Often developed for sk ills training, cognitive-behavioral groups are characterized by the use of practical interventions focused on behavior modification techniques (Wilson, Bouffard, and Mackenzie; 2005). The therapeutic goal of cognitive behavioralRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt )1417 Words   |  6 Pagesgoals. In review of Elizabeth’s assessment, the models of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Psychotherapy will be reviewed in detail to determine which is best to be applied to her presenting clinical symptoms. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is a widely utilized intervention within the field of social work practice. According to Hepworth (2011), it is considered to be the cornerstone of cognitive behavioral approaches (p.408-09). CBT focuses on the premise that thoughts trigger an emotionalRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt ) Essay1717 Words   |  7 PagesCognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) is an insight-focused therapy that emphasizes the here-and-now. It is typically brief and time-limited, collaborative in nature, fairly structured and empirically based (Freeman, Felgoise, Nezu, Nezu, Reinecke, 2005). Aaron Beck is a major name that arises when discussing the origins of CBT. Beck (1970) contends that individual perceptions of events shape feelings and behaviors. This theory places emphasis on the concept of automatic thoughts. Automatic thoughtsRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt )1990 Words   |  8 PagesCognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a branch of ps ychotherapy that encompasses several approaches; falling under the heading of CBT. CBT is based on the premise that people s emotional responses and behavior are strongly influenced by cognitions; the fundamental principle being: different cognitions give rise to different emotions and behaviors. CBT was developed out of a combination of both behavior and cognitive principles. CBT is the most empirically supported therapy model and is used toRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Therapy ( Cbt )2209 Words   |  9 Pagesto get the support they need because they do not have the appropriate resources. Furthermore, both therapy and medication do cost a price and not everyone is able to afford it. Treatment, such as therapy, is extremely important for people who suffer from anxiety and depression so that they are able to learn new strategies and overcome their struggles. In particular, Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) has become very popular and is currently being used by many practitioners in order to change patterns

Rubin v Coors Brewing Co Essay Example For Students

Rubin v Coors Brewing Co Essay CASE CITATION:Rubin v. Coors Brewing Co. (514 US 476), 1995The rules and principals of commercial law are of ancient origin. Throughout the centuries merchants engaged in trade and commerce have recognized customs and usages which regulate and control their conduct. Gradually over the years a body of law developed (Robert Corley, 312) Commercial speech arose in 1942 when the Supreme Court announced that the First Amendment does not protect it. As the years went on, on the Bicentennial of our Republic, the Courts position was reversed and they declared that the First Amendment protects commercial speech. But they court did say that commercial speech should receive less protection then noncommercial speech. That brings us to the definitions of commercial and noncommercial speech. Noncommercial speech, embodied in the phrases freedom of speech and freedom of expression, is entitled to virtually full first amendment protection; hence, the speaker is granted considerable latitude in stat ing a positionCommercial speech is generally considered to be communications that have the sale of a product or service as their ultimate goal. Content regulation of commercial speech is allowed to prevent false, deceptive, or misleading information from being transmitted(Boedecker and Morgan, 1). Some cases that have affected the First Amendment and Commercial speech are: Valentine v. Chrestensen (1942), the U.S. Supreme Court first declared that the Constitution placed no restraints on government regulation of commercial advertising. Until this time there wasnt anything that distinguished between commercial and noncommercial communications. Then in 1975 in Bigelow v. Virginia the court said that the, the government cannot restrict advertising where the commercial activity itself is legal and further noted that the activity advertised pertained to constitutional interests(Boedecker and Morgan, 2). There were limitations placed on time, place, and manner and the court could also enf orce rules that dealt with false, deceptive, or misleading advertising. Five years later, the Central Hudson Gas Electric Corp. v. Public Service Commission (1980) developed a four-part breakdown for commercial speech. Throughout the courts case it used these four steps, (1) Determine whether the expression is protected by the First Amendment, that is, does it involve lawful activity and not mislead the audience? (2) Does the government have a substantial interest to be achieved by restricting the speech? (3) Does the regulation directly advance the governments interest? (4) Is the regulation more extensive then necessary to achieve that interest? (Boedecker and Morgan, 1) this was a significant move in the direction for commercial speech. The currently used Central Hudson test creates an artificial distinction between commercial and noncommercial speech (Coach, 3). The issues involved in Central Hudson represents a change in direction in terms of deciding what degree of protection to grant commercial statements. It includes a judgement about the importance of regulating the subject matter or activity in question and therefor withdrew some of the protection granted upon commercial speech in the previous year.In summary, more types of communication are moving toward the commercial speech category, which means more first amendment protection for commercial speech. Therefor, there are two problems that marketers face when it come to commercial speech, identifying commercial speech and applying it to the commercial speech standard. In broad terms, is the speech actually commercial? This is one of the simplest issues throughout a commercial speech case. So if the answer is yes and the speech is found to be commercial, then should it receive a lesser degree of protection? Throughout all the commercial speech cases during the years this has been the question. But, the legal issue dealing with the First Amendment in Rubin v. Coors Brewing Co. was, is there a First Amendment right to disclose the alcohol content of beer on the label? The case also dealt with the idea of strength wars. The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (BATF) in the U.S. Treasury Department had prohibited beer labels from displaying alcohol content because of the fact that it would cause companies to have wars, as to which beer had the stronger alcohol content. The courts answer was yes, Section 5 of the Federal Alcohol Administration Act, prohibiting beer labels from displaying alcohol content, held to violate commercial speech protection s of Federal Constitutions First amendment.(Rubin v. Coors Brewing Company Case, LexisNexis, 1)The majority opinion of the court was that the Federal Alcohol Administration Act of 1935 violates the brewers First Amendment rights. Justice Clarence Thomas wrote the majority opinion of the court. The opinion states that the brewer went to the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms (BATF) to get permission to use labels that disclosed the alcohol content of the beer. Their application was turned down because it was said to violate the Federal Alcohol administration Act (FAAA). The brewer than filed case saying that their Constitutions First Amendment Rights were violated. The Court for the District of Colorado stated that the ban was necessary for the mere fact that displaying the alcohol content would cause strength wars between brewers. If brewers were free to list the alcohol content then they might try to compete by selling increasingly potent products (Seligman Moore, Fortune, 1 ). After appealing the case, the Tenth Circuit of the Court of Appeals agreed with the District of Colorado in saying that is was necessary to omit the alcohol content from beer labels. However, the District Court questioned the matter of whether there was a relationship between the ban of alcohol content and the goal of avoiding strength wars. After going through several different appeals, the court of appeals came to the conclusion that; the Government failed to demonstrate that the prohibition in any way prevented strength wars. The court found that there was no evidence of any relationship between the publication of factual information regarding alcohol content and competition on the basis of such content (514 U.S. 476, Lexis Nexus, 5). The Supreme Court granted certiorari and reviewed the Tenth Circuits decision that violated the First Amendment and they concluded that the ban infringed the respondents freedom of speech, and affirmed the courts decision. (Lexis Nexus, 5) In con clusion, both the District Court and the Court of Appeals found that the Government had failed to present any credible evidence showing that the disclosure of alcohol content would promote strength wars.According to the District Court, nothing that was heard during the trial led them to believe that having alcohol content on the labels will promote strength wars. So they concluded that banning the alcohol content on the labels of malt beverages has really nothing to do with the type of advertising that promotes strength wars (Rubin v. Coors 514 U.S. 476, Lexis Nexis, 9). After the Supreme Court reviewed the case and found that is failed the Central Hudson Test, they affirmed the decisions of the lower courts. In the case of Rubin v. Coors there was one concurring decision by Justice Stevens. He gave this reason for concurring in the judgement, I write separately because I am convinced that the constitutional infirmity in the statute is more patent than the Courts opinion indicates. Instead of relying on the formulaic approach announced in Central Hudson Gas Electric Corporation v. Public Service Commonwealth of N.Y., I believe the Court should ask whether the justification for allowing more regulation of commercial speech than other speech than other speech has any application to this unusual statute (Rubin v. Coors 514 U.S. 476, Lexis Nexis, 10). According to Stevens the prohibition is unacceptable because commercial speech should not be treated any different under the First Amendment. He stated that the speech at issue here is an accurate statement, on the label of a bottle of beer, of the alcohol content inside. Stevens reiterates that this is what the majority defines as commercial speech. In my opinion I believe that Stevens used an excellent analogy when explaining why this is commercial speech. He said, if a non-profit consumer protection group were to publish the identical statement, Coors beer has 4.73% alcohol by volume, on the cover of a magazine, the court would not label the speech as commercial (Rubin v. Coors 514 U.S. 476, Lexis Nexis, 12). This suggests that the reason the label is considered to be commercial speech is because according to Central Hudson, the intent of the label is to sell a product. In conclusion, Stevens felt as though there were other ways to go about the problem of strength wars without violating the First Amendment. He sees no reason why if varying alcohol strength are lawful then why brewers may not inform their customer that their beverages are stronger or weaker than competing products. In my opinion, this statute is unconstitutional because, regardless of the standard of review, the First amendment mandates rejection of the Governments proffered justification for this restriction. Although some regulation of statements about alcohol content that increase consumer awareness would be entirely proper, this statutory provision is nothing more than an attempt to blindfold the public (Rubin v. Coors 5 14 U.S. 476, Lexis Nexis, 14). Purple Loosestrife EssaySOURCESUBJECT HEADINGSTOPIC/SUB HEADINGSSUB-SUB HEADINGSEBSCOhostCommercial LawRubin and CoorsLexisNexisCaseRubin and CoorsLexisNexisNewsCommercial LawLexisNexisNewsRubin and CoorsLibrary CatalogSubjectCommercial LawBibliography:APPENDIX AA.1. Full Supreme Court DecisionRobert E. Rubin, Secretary of the Treasury, Petitioner v. Coors Brewing Company (514 U.S. 476) 1995. 2. Periodical Literaturea. Contemporaneous Articlesi.News ReportSeligman, Daniel; Moore Alicia Hills. The Winding Road to the First Amendment. Fortune Jul. 1995: 211. ii. Two Analysis/commentaryStewart, David O.Business Talk: Supreme Court Continues to Struggle with Commercial Speech Doctrine. ABA Journal 81 Sept. 1995: 40-42Rubin v. Coors: Supreme Court Rejects Prohibitionism. Washington legal Foundation: Legal Opinion Letter 5 June 1995: 1-3. b. Two additional analysis/commentaryBoedecker, Karl A; Morgan, Fred W. The Evolution of First Amendment Protection For Commercial Speech. Journal of Marketing 59 (1995): 38-48. Coach, Aaron A. Recent Development: Free Speech and Freer Speech: Glickman v. Wileman Bros. Elliot, Inc., 117 S. Ct. 2130 (1997). Harvard Journal of Law Public Policy. 21 Spring 1998: 623-638. c. One article from scholarly journalCava, Anita; Scott S. Massin. Marketing and the Law. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science 24 Spring (1996): 184-187. 3. Other Literaturea. Reference BookRubin v. Coors Brewing Company. Landmark Briefs and Arguments of the Supreme Court of the United Stated: Constitutional Law. Ed. Philip B. Kurland, Gerhard Casper. Vol. 236. University Publications of America, 1994. b. General Publication BookRobert, William J., Robert N. Corley. Dillavou and Howards Principals of Business Law. New Jersey: PrenticeHall Inc., 1967. APPENDIX BSOURCESUBJECT HEADINGSTOPIC/SUB HEADINGSSUB-SUB HEADINGSEBSCOhostCommercial LawRubin and CoorsLexisNexisCaseRubin and CoorsLexisNexisNewsCommercial LawLexisNexisNewsRubin and CoorsLibrary CatalogSubjectCommercial LawLandmark CasesRubin v. CoorsU.S. ReportsRubin v. CoorsJustices who voted majority:ThomasRehnquistOConnorScaliaKennedyDouterGinsburgBreyerCh.JJ.J

The Liar by Tobias Wolff free essay sample

â€Å"The Liar† by Tobias Wolff, an adolescent boy named James constantly spews out lies. He deliberately lies out of habit to prepare himself for an impending death that might not even occur. Furthermore, it’s his way of confronting his father’s death. The cause of James’ habit or – according to his mother – illness is that it’s his approach to prepare himself for another death in his family. The lie that was written in the letter was about his mother suffering with an unknown illness. â€Å"I said that she had been coughing up blood and the doctors weren’t sure what was wrong with her. † The second lie on the bus was also about an unfortunate event where his parents â€Å".. were killed when the communists attacked. † His lies always have a significant role to do with his mother either being killed or her being on the verge of death. â€Å"’Why is it always so sad? ’ asked Mother. We will write a custom essay sample on The Liar by Tobias Wolff or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Why all the disease? ’† The death of his father was unmistakably an ample moment of his teenage life, he had no way of expecting that outcome. He may not know it but lying is also his way of coping. Unlike with his mother, James was very close to his father. The understood each other and James showed this with a joke: â€Å"’There’s a bear outside,’ said Tom intently. † Without his father’s usual creativeness around anymore it’s as if he’s taken it upon himself to replace him. It’s not like his mother would joke around with him. â€Å"We all loved puns except Mother, who didn’t get them. † In a way it is beneficial for him as it is a way to grieve his father’s death but his mother is right about one thing. It is that he is â€Å"cheating himself†. Rather than mourning it like normal people, he did not shed one tear at his father’s funeral, instead it was directed to his habit of lying. He may not realize it but in the end, he really is just fooling himself.

History of Indigenous Australians before the arrival of the First Fleet

In the late 18th century, Australia is said to have had a population of about three hundred thousand aborigines whose lifestyle was mostly that of a nomad. The aborigines are also rumored to have been in the continent for close to over ten thousand years.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on History of Indigenous Australians before the arrival of the First Fleet specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Aboriginals occupied most areas of the Australian continent and they had a number of languages and had a wide range of lifestyles and traditions which formed clans amongst them. These clans were regarded as highly sophisticated (considering the time in which they existed) and this made them quite attached to their land. The Aboriginals seemed to have simple yet comfortable lives which were free of diseases and conflicts. They had simple governing structures that enabled them to co-exist peacefully. They really seemed t o have no knowledge of any existence of any other world outside that which they lived in. The Aborigines later on came to discover that they were not the only people living in the world when they started doing barter trade with Asians and oceanic mariners (Jupp, 2001). At first it is rumored that the aborigines were reluctant to do business with unfamiliar people for they were a reserved lot. However, they slowly opened up upon discovering that they were also benefitting from the goods they were getting from the Asian and oceanic mariners. Some of this commodities included salt, glass, and ivory which is said to be used in decorations. They also got beads which their women turned into jewelry (Bosworth, 1998). The aborigines’ way of life was viewed to be somewhat dim by the first Europeans who set foot in their land. They were termed as a group of people who did not have any fixed form of civilization. This was engineered by the fact that they still slept in caves which they kept warm by having bonfires in them for two reasons; to keep warm and also provide light in the dark and sometimes the fire was used as a defense mechanism to keep wild animals away. Invasion into the Aboriginals land seems to have started in the later years of the eighteenth century probably in the seventeen eighties. England was the first to claim the lands of the Aboriginal people and this was a strategy to make the French and the Spanish governments from taking it. The English decided to form some sort of fleets so as to sail all the way to the Aboriginal lands which is now referred to as Australia. The sailing crew was to comprise of a group of convicts who were deemed as social outcasts probably because of the nature of crimes they had committed (Henningham, 2004).Advertising Looking for research paper on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This new adventure was not an easy one and it took quite some time to organ ize and the first fleet set sail after the eighth month. Among the fleet were officers, women, and children who did not know what to expect in the new world. It also included some administrators who would be in charge of the new colony and some London Slum criminals who had been kicked out of the society (Bosworth, 1998). The discovery of New Holland’s east coast was made by Captain Cook. Cook renamed the coast to New South Wales. He sailed all over and had his allegiance to the British government and so he went and reported to them that he thought it was a good place to settle (Clyne, 1991). The British government however did not recognize the land as being that which belonged to the Aboriginals. This was due to the fact that the Aboriginals did not seem to have had any form of civilization going on in terms of agriculture and also structures. The British thought it was a good plan that came at a fundamental time when they needed to decongest their cities due to a rise in cr ime in the urban world. They purposed to stop sending criminals in their jails and decided that the only way to deal with the overcrowding issue was to send away the convicts/criminals to the new land that was discovered by Captain Cook, which they referred to as a Penal colony. Their idea was to make sure that once the convicts got there they would never return to Britain ever again. The British resolved to sending them away and made sure that they had enough supplies to last them until they became self reliant. Some of the convicts died along the way and never got to their destination; those who made it referred to the Aboriginal land as the ‘Land beyond the seas’ (Bosworth, 1998). When they docked at the harbor they discovered that the land was not suitable for settlement probably because they were judging with where they had come from. They all decided that it was appropriate to move north because they lacked fresh water in the south. Others reasons that contributed to the migration to the north were; the soil was not good enough for agricultural purposes, they were to near the sea and it was quite open and this seemed to pose a big security risk to their ships (Jupp, 2001). They however had a hard time starting off due to the fact that most convicts did not know how to farm; they all had to survive on rationed food before they could figure out what to do. The Aboriginal people were scared of the new people and did not want to go anywhere near them or associate with them in any way. They referred to them as Indians. It is said that some convicts also escaped and tried to blend in with the Aboriginal people but were rejected. Some also dared to escape and were trying to get to China under rumors that it was not far off and that there were also other settlements nearby only to discover that it was not so. Upon returning back they were severely punished though most of them died in this pursuit and never made it back (Jupp, 2001).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on History of Indigenous Australians before the arrival of the First Fleet specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Aboriginal people survived on some local wild fruits and fish for their survival; however the new settlers found few of the foods there to be a delicacy. They are said to have been terrible fishermen and they had to rely on the shipment that was being sent to them by the British government from Britain. This lack of food made the new settlers come up with new survival ideas which now included eating rats, dogs, crow, kangaroos and even emu. This they used as an addition to the normal food rations they were receiving from the British government. Upon settling in this new foreign land, they had to start their lives all over again. They did not have sufficient building materials and they all seemed to have overlooked the aspect of clothing and shelter. The trees in Australia were eno rmous and lack of steady working tools made it very difficult for the new settlers to make any progress in terms of housing. By the time the second fleet was docking on the shores of Aboriginals land, both the convicts and the administrators were all dressed in tatters. From the time the Europeans arrived in the Aboriginal land, the aboriginal people were denied the independence they had embraced and now they had to make peace with the fact that they were not the only race that existed in the world. They were somewhat depressed and viewed the British as a race that came in with strange diseases and was really inconsiderate of the people who they found where they came to live. The colonialists however believed that this was a â€Å"no man’s land† that was probably discovered accidentally by Captain Cook who named Australia. The Aboriginals had a different lifestyle, that of a nomad. They would stay in one area for a period of six to eight weeks and then would move on to a more fertile land while their previous land was left to recollect the lost nutrients (Castles et al. 1992). One of the things that are quite clear is that when the ships were docking on the shores of the aboriginal land, they were lined along the shores shouting and yelling in protest as a way to show they were not welcoming the new inhabitants of their land. Tales handed down through generations prove that at the time, about a hundred and sixty men and women were transported to Australia to begin a new life there. Later on other immigrants started flowing there freely and joined the convicts to cohabit with them (Castles et al. 1992). This was as a result of the emerging opportunities that were cropping up.Advertising Looking for research paper on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Some of these reasons were the mining industries, wool industries and the gold rush of the eighteen fifties. Australia quickly became a land of opportunity and new money was being created in agribusiness, mining and trade. As all this was happening, the Aboriginal people who were indeed the rightful owners of the land continued to suffer severely through deaths, diseases, forceful internal displacements and death of their traditions (Clyne, 1991). The new administrators who formed a new government to govern the new nation were on the track of creating something unique. They were also very keen to side step the causes of the old war. They dreamt of a unified Australia that was conflict free with a progressive mindset (Jupp, 2001). They had the citizens’ interests at heart, they wanted to conduct polls through the famous secret ballot and democracy was to take centre stage. They were so keen to prove their independence that they decided to pass the Immigration Restriction Act i n the early twentieth century. This in turn negated the migration of Europeans so as to avoid overpopulation of the newly formed state. Despite all these changes, the Aboriginals had purposed to fight for their land. In the mid twentieth century, the Aboriginal people had formed a political party to look into this issue. Their issues are said to have been in place for over two hundred years. They purposed to keep on with the struggle and they seemed to have made some progress in some key areas of land and the social aspects on life. One of the main causes of the struggles was the fact that the commonwealth act of early nineteen hundreds excluded the Aboriginals as citizens of Australia. They therefore held a parallel rally claiming that the White Australians were contravening what they claimed to stand for in terms of progressive civilization and human rights advancements. In the mid twentieth century, the Aboriginals’ hardships had not ceased and their push for equality had not died down (Jupp, 2001). This made them push even more for a fair treatment. The government did not seem to care about the Aboriginal struggles. This seemed quite evident when the Australian government, ran by whites, decided to separate the Aboriginals from their children and took them to missionary schools in total disregard of the parents consent. When they got to theses mission, schools they were issued with new names and were subjected to harsh living conditions. They were subjected to a lifestyle they were not familiar with, which was referred to as the White man’s way (Clyne, 1991). This was in a bid to make them forget their cultures and conform to the new white European lifestyle. They were then known as the ‘stolen generations’. The Aboriginal people made some great strides in the nineteen sixties but most of them claim that though this was a good thing, the changes were not rolled out fast enough to accommodate the Aboriginal people and make them fe el at home in their own land. A protection policy came into place and seemed to prove that the cultures and beliefs of the Aboriginal people were barbaric and outdated and needed some sharpening from the western world. They were however accommodated into government facilities and churches. Even though they seemed to have some form of independence, they were restricted from performing any traditional activities and they were also required to have the company of a white man when they were travelling out of government facilities (Commonwealth of Australia 1994). One the main fights the Aboriginal people had been putting forward was the fight for equality, more so that of lands equality. This was perceived to have been a forward step when the Whitlam government created an Aboriginal Affairs Department and later put up Royal Commission which gave ownership of land to the Aboriginal people in the mid nineteen eighties. A breakthrough however popped up when the High Court of Australia appr oved the native title and this was a sense of satisfaction to the aboriginal people. This struggle has been significant in creation of economic security. It is quite evident that the struggle by the Aboriginal people has been through a lot and it still is in a current part of reconciliation. After a century, the Australian government was termed as the country of luck (Commonwealth of Australia 1994). This however was not well received by the Aboriginals who were still fighting for equality then. The Aboriginals have gone ahead to form two groups which they figure will represent their struggle for their rights. This however proved futile as the government did not recognize these two groups. The government did not protect and conserve the traditional ways of the Aboriginal people. Instead it went on to destroy and discourage them. Despite all the suffering, the Aboriginal people tried to see the English King and push for a seat in the Australian House of Representatives. This was yet to take form. In the late nineteen thirties, the Aboriginal people held a crusade as a way of protest to show their dissatisfaction with the White Australians and told them off about their civilization and human rights policies, and how they came and took their land and they have refused to recognize them as equal partners in the nation of Australia. There was however no response from the White Austrian government. Cultural safety is a unique tool brought forward by Madeline Dion Stout who is the past president of the Aboriginal Nurses Association and Bernice Downey who is the former Chief Executive Officer of the National Aboriginal Health Organization. They have come up with unique ways to blend in the struggle for the Aboriginal community and health in terms of nursing. They have advocated for the cultural safety concept that includes both nurses and the natives. This kind of knowledge came in handy considering that nursing professionals were only equipped with knowledge which se emed to have been handed down to them by the Aboriginal people. They have been able to scrutinize the assumptions and stereotypes related to the Aboriginal people and in turn shaped the nurses views. After the scrutiny, their potential in the nursing field is accentuated. Other key figures who have played major roles in creating awareness of the Aboriginal people and their struggles are Annette J Browne and Colleen Varcoe who have facilitated the ability of nurses to provide quality and sufficient health care (Henningham, 2004). Since the arrival of the first fleet, it has been a tremendous yet difficult journey for the Aboriginal people who indeed were the native inhabitants of the now called Australia. Their struggle for equality still continues and might not be as rampant as it was but someday they will get to where they ought to be and where they truly deserve to be. Hopefully someday they will cease being a minority group to equal citizens of the New Australia. List of Referenc es Bosworth, M. 1998, Australian lives: A History of clothing, food and domestic technology. Nashville, Tennessee: Thomas Nelson. Castles, S., Cope, B., Kalantzis, M. and Morrissey, M. 1992, Mistaken Identity: multiculturalism and the demise of nationalism in Australia, 3rd ed. Sydney: Pluto Press. Clyne, M. 1991, â€Å"Monolinguism, Multilinguism and the Australian Nation†. In Australian National Identity. C.A: Price. Commonwealth of Australia.1994, Defending Australia: Defense White Paper. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service. Henningham, J. 2004, Institutions in Australian society. UK: Oxford University Press. Jupp, J. 2001, The Australian people: An encyclopedia of the nation, its people and their origins. UK: Cambridge University Press. This research paper on History of Indigenous Australians before the arrival of the First Fleet was written and submitted by user Chace F. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

5 College Cash-Saving Tips

5 College Cash-Saving Tips 5 College Cash-Saving Tips So the end of semester is nearly here, and I guess your bank account is getting pretty low. What with books, rent, food, and the occasional all-night party, I’m guessing you need some money-saving advice by now. It’s always hard to keep track of money when you are studying, and so we’ve compiled some great cash-saving tips for you. You’re welcome! 1. IOU If you live with your friends, you’ll know how easy it is to end up owing $10 here and there. However, if you let it go without chasing it up, you might end up losing a lot of money! Fortunately, there are some free apps out there to help. Try out Splitwise to make sure all those dollars get back to you! 2. Make a Budget Yeah, it’s boring making spreadsheets. The great thing is that you don’t have to anymore! Yep, were recommending more apps to make your life easier! Try My Supermarket to keep track of what you spend and compare prices at the grocery store. 3. Shun the Agencies Rental agencies can be really expensive to use. Try renting from an independent landlord instead if you can. Use sites like Craigslist to find independently owned properties. And be sure to check out your rights as a tenant. 4. Get it for Free! Don’t buy anything, see if someone else is giving it away first. It’s always worth checking out sites like Freecycle to see if anyone local is giving away what you want! Often you’ll find really great stuff being thrown out. 5. Get Some Paying Guests If all of your roommates are going away for summer or Christmas holidays, why not list your house on Airbnb as a way of making extra cash? Just make sure to check your rental agreement first to make sure that sub-letting doesn’t invalidate your contract.

The Equity of Water Distribution Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Equity of Water Distribution - Assignment Example In 1998, Houston’s water customers consume 1.35 million cubic meters of water per day. The former maximum daily pumpage, recorded in July of 1986, was 1.79 million cubic meters per day. More recently, however, Houston had pumped an all-time record high of 1.96 million cubic meters per day, during the heat wave in 1998. Houston uses water for retail consumption, irrigation, and industrial purposes. Presently, long dry spells have necessitated conservation efforts to extend available water supply. For the Sugar Land area, to reduce peak demand and total water consumption, Sugar Land residents are asked to water lawns according to the following schedule: Surat is located at the mouth of the river in floodplains and during the monsoon season, it is the site of the concentration of water flow. Water is used for agriculture, drinking, water supply industries and energy generation. Its water supply is provided by the Ukai dam, which, save for the annual lean season, is not short of supply due to the annual monsoon that brings heavy rainfall and flooding (Bhat, 2011). Recently the Maranoa Regional Council introduced a new water pricing system for residential and business customers. The new consumption based system calls for the payment of a fixed service fee for ongoing connection, to which is added a charge for every kilolitre of water used. However, the Council has excluded Surat from the new pricing system; instead, the residents and business will be allocated an annual volume for use, with the excess charge to apply only for the use of additional kilolitres over the allocation. The system is designed to cover the higher fixed costs of operating Surat’s dual reticulation system and river water treatment process. The higher cost of treatment is due to the fact that Surat’s water is drawn from the Balonne river instead of a bore, requiring a more expensive method of treatment.