ERP Story-Part A Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

ERP Story-Part A - Case Study Example The business should consider the cost of implementing the new software installation and profitability of the undertaking. Merging the business has risks accompanied to it. Therefore, proper evaluation of returns and efficient running of activities is so important. The research found out that the problem associated with such step is the increase in the size of the organization, which means difficulty in tracking records and meeting operational costs. Business organizations vary in the operations they engage in order to satisfy human wants. The two main categories are service based, or commodity possessing and production. The finished product or service in these activities provides a platform for either satisfaction or dissatisfaction from customers. If customers are not happy, the organization engages in an evaluation process to determine where the problem sprouts from. This can be through assessing current equipment in production or performance evaluation as a whole. The corrective measure is then undertaken to retain the loyal customers. If the customers are satisfied, the management initiates ways to maintain the standards. As such, this paper will discuss ABC Company and how it seeks to obtain a market placement through merging of activities and improving technology. The size of a growing business organization instigates the type of technological equipment an organization should adapt in order to increase efficiency. Complex company structures will need large data storage facilities to enable the business store properly its information. In the case study, the current technological position of ABC cannot ensure good flow of information and communication. The new idea of creating merged type of business can be a solution to problems. Problems such as funds required for the project can be managed through pooling of resources from these different entities.

Reactants Lab Essay Example for Free

Reactants Lab Essay Aspect 1: Problem: What type of chemical reactions occurs when different reactants are mixed? Variables: Manipulated: Combination of reactants Responding: Type of Chemical Reaction Controlled: 1. Same amount of reactants used (1 piece for solids, 4 drops for liquids) 2. Spot plate is washed before reactants are mixed 3. Same amount of time substance is allowed for chemical reaction to occur (15s) 4. Because data is qualitative, observations will be made by the same person. Aspect 2: Controlling Variables: The same amount of reactants being used will be controlled by using the same amount of reactants in each reaction (1 piece for solids, 4 drops for liquids). Spot plate will be washed before each chemical reaction (using the water from the squeeze bottle) to ensure no residue is left from previous reaction. Observations will be made 15 seconds after the chemical raction. Time will be kept using a watch. The same person will make qualitative observations, to ensure that observations are kept consistent. Aspect 3: Materials: Spot Plate Forceps Squeeze Bottle filled with water Toothpick List of Reactants Fig. 1.1 Reactant Chemical Formula aluminum (s) Al (s) copper (II) chloride (aq) CuCl2 (aq) barium hydroxide (aq) Ba(OH)2 (aq) sulphuric acid (aq) H2SO4 (aq) chlorine (aq) Cl2 (aq) sodium bromide (aq) NaBr (aq) zinc (s) Zn (s) copper (II) sulphate (aq) CuSO4 (aq) hydrochloric acid (aq) HCl (aq) magnesium hydroxide (aq) Mg(OH)2 (aq) calcium chloride (aq) CaCl2 (aq) sodium carbonate (aq) Na2CO3 (aq) calcium (s) Ca (s) water (l) H2O (l) sodium acetate (aq) C2H3NaO2 (aq) magnesium (s) Mg (s) sodium hydroxide (aq) NaOH (aq) cobalt chloride (aq) CoCl2 (aq) List of Chemical Reactions Fig. 1.2 Reactant 1 Reactant 2 sulphuric acid (aq) barium hydroxide (aq) hydrochloric acid (aq) magnesium hydroxide (aq) calcium (s) water (l) hydrochloric acid (aq) sodium acetate (aq zinc (s) copper (II) sulphate (aq) cobalt chloride (aq) sodium hydroxide (aq) magnesium (s) hydrochloric acid (aq) sodium bromide (aq) chlorine (aq) aluminum (s) copper (II) chloride (aq) Procedure: 1. Wash spot plate thoroughly with water from squeeze bottle. 2. Choose a combination of reactants from Fig. 1.1 3. Write down physical properties of reactants. 4. Mix reactants. Record observations. 5. Wash spot plate thoroughly, making sure reactants fall into a waste bucket. 6. Repeat steps 1-4 using all the other combinations Data Collection and Processing (DCP) Aspect 1: Observation Chart of Chemical Reactions Fig. 1.3 Reactant 1 Chemical Formula Reactant 2 Chemical Formula Pr-reaction observation Post-reaction observation sulphuric acid (aq) H2SO4 (aq) barium hydroxide (aq) Ba(OH)2 (aq) Two transparent liquids Milky-white substance. Gas bubbles form. hydrochloric acid (aq) HCl (aq) magnesium hydroxide (aq) Mg(OH)2 (aq) Transparent liquids Transparent liquid hydrochloric acid (aq) HCl (aq) sodium acetate (aq) C2H3NaO2 (aq) Transparent liquids Transparent liquid calcium (s) Ca (s) water (l) H2O (l) Flaky-white solid, and transparent liquid Calcium dissolves a bit in water. A few gas bubbles zinc (s) Zn (s) copper (II) sulphate (aq) CuSO4 (aq) Grey rocky solid, with bluish liquid Gas bubbles form on zinc cobalt chloride (aq) CoCl2 (aq) magnesium hydroxide (aq) Mg(OH)2 (aq) Red liquid and clear liquid Pinkish-purple substance. Gas bubbles form magnesium (s) Mg (s) hydrochloric acid (aq) HCl (aq) Silver, lustrous metal and transparent liquid Gas bubbles form on magnesium sodium bromide (aq) NaBr (aq) chlorine (aq) Cl2 (aq) Transparent liquids Transparent liquid aluminum (s) Al (s) copper (II) chloride (aq) CuCl2 (aq) Lustrous rock and blue liquid Gas bubbles form on aluminum Aspect 2: Processing Data Chemical Reactants and Products Equations Balanced H2SO4(aq) + Ba(OH)2(aq) BaSO4(s) + 2HO2(l)(Double Replacement Reaction) Mg(OH)2 (s) + 2 HCl (aq) MgCl2 (s) + 2H2O (l)(Neutralization Reaction) NaC2H3O2 (aq) + HCl (aq) HC2H3O2 (aq) + NaCl (aq) (Double Replacement Reaction) Ca (s) + 2HOH (l) Ca(OH)2 (aq) + H2(g)(Single Replacement Reaction) CuSO4 (aq) + Zn (s) ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu (s)(Single Replacement Reaction) CoCl2 (aq) + 2NaOH (aq) 2 NaCl (aq) + Co(OH)2 (aq)(Double Replacement Reaction) Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (s)(Single Replacement Reaction) Cl2 (aq) + 2NaBr (aq) 2NaCl (aq) + Br2 (l) (Single Replacement Reaction) 2Al (s) + 3CuCl2 (aq) 2AlCl3 (aq) + 3Cu (s) (Single Replacement Reaction) Aspect 3: Reactants, Products, and Types of Reaction Chart Reactant 1 Reactant 2 Product Type of Reaction H2SO4(aq) Ba(OH)2(aq) BaSO4(s) + HO2(l) Double Replacement Mg(OH)2 (s) HCl (aq) MgCl2 (s) + H2O (l) Neutralization Reaction NaC2H3O2 (aq) HCl (aq) HC2H3O2 (aq) + NaCl (aq) Double Replacement Ca (s) HOH (l) Ca(OH)2 (aq) + H2(g) Single Replacement CuSO4 (aq) Zn (s) ZnSO4 (aq) + Cu (s) Single Replacement CoCl2 (aq) NaOH (aq NaCl (aq) + Co(OH)2 (aq) Double Replacement Mg (s) HCl (aq) MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (s) Single Replacement Cl2 (aq) NaBr (aq) 2NaCl (aq) + Br2 (l) Single Replacement Al (s) CuCl2 (aq) AlCl3 (aq) + Cu (s) Single Replacement Conclusion and Evaluation (CE) Aspect 1: Conclusion: In this experiment we discovered three types of chemical reactions, Single and Double Replacement reactions, along with Neutralization Reaction. Referring to Data in Aspect 2 3 of Data Collection and Processing, we can see there were 5 single replacement reactions, and 4 double replacement reactions (one of which was a neutralization reaction). The reactions involving an element and a compound were all single replacement reactions, and the reaction involving two compounds were double replacements (which included a neutralization reaction). Aspect 2: Evaluate the Procedure: A problem with this procedure is that it doesnt explore all types of chemical reactions. Also, try as one may, it is sometimes difficult to get the residue of a substance off the spot plate. This tampers with results. Aspect 3 Improving Experimental Design: A few more reactions should be added where simple composition and decomposition are shown. Also, using the Bunsen burner, a reaction should be added where hydrocarbon combustion is shown. Disposable spot plates should be used, to ensure that residue left by previous reactants and reactions, do not tamper with results.

Catcher in the Rye Essay: Levels of Meaning -- Catcher Rye Essays

Levels of Meaning in The Catcher in the Rye Protected by a cocoon of naivetà ©, Holden Caulfield, the principal character in the novel, The Catcher in the Rye, therapeutically relates his lonely 24 hour stay in downtown New York city, experiencing the "phony" adult world while dealing with the death of his innocent younger brother. Through this well-developed teenage character, JD Salinger, uses simple language and dialogue to outline many of the complex underlying problems haunting adolescents. With a unique beginning and ending, and an original look at our new society, The Catcher in the Rye is understood and appreciated on multiple levels of comprehension. The book provides new insights and a fresh view of the world in which adolescents live. One way for readers to measure their level of comprehension in this story, is to explore the meaning of the title, it's effect on the book's theme and how it provides a deep look into Holden's character. Being an attention demanding tool, the title also can provide a mystery to which the reader can understand by pulling together the clues, hidden in the text. To an experienced reader, who may be familiar with the book, imagery of a catcher in the rye is apparent throughout the story. However, for a new reader the journey begins past the middle of the book. While analyzing the city around him, Holden sees a kid walking in the street "singing and humming." As Holden nears he realizes the child is signing that song, "If a body catch a body coming through the rye" in a very pretty voice, making traffic come to a screeching halt, and making Holden feel "not so depressed."(116) So far, the title's words are just a catchy song, though their repetition, at a key mo... ...ginal tune, by Robert Burns, has the line "If a body meet a body comin thro' the rye," not "If a body catch a body comin thro' the rye." This is not the first time Holden has distorted something, though this lie has meaning. The original poem talks of the love of two people meeting each other, while Holden's image is that of falling children being caught. Love is replaced by Holden protecting children, who are facing a death-like situation, a change showing how much of an impact Allie's death made on Holden's life. One might also see that Holden himself is falling out of innocence and needs a Catcher in the Rye himself, the book's central paradox. In the end any reader could say that "The Catcher in the Rye" is Holden Caulfield, though this title opens up a door into understanding his deep personality, the books theme, while exploring the central paradox.

Learning to Cope

Davon Daniels Professor Moss English 1500 11/20/12 Draft 2 Learning to Cope Just about everyone has lost that one person that they really care about and they know that everything can change at the drop of a hat. Death is an unexpected occurrence that could sometimes have long lasting mental and physical effects on people. In the play Down the Aisle by Patricia Leigh Gaborik a young girl Katie and her family are learning to cope with the death of their loved one.People handle the death of a loved one in different ways, and Katie tries to handle the death of her father by holding on to all the good memories she had of him. Not only is Katie deeply affected by their lost but the rest of her family is learning to cope with their lost by taking on different roles when he pasts. The father is a symbolic character in this play because he is the rock of their family, because he is strong and dependable. Each character in the play experiences different conflicts and changes in their relations hip after losing the person they all loved the most.One conflict experienced in the play is the relationship between Katie and her mother before and after the death of Katie’s father. Katie and her mother don’t have the best relationship and at times it seems that Katie wishes that she would’ve been in the car accident with her father. This is a conflict because it seems as if Katie may blame her mother for the death of her father for making him go out while she stayed at home and took care of Katie. This causes a lot of tension between Katie and her mother because she also feels as though the death of her father might also be her fault.At the end of the play Katie and her mother appear to be closer to each other and her mother even apologizes for the things she’s done in the past and talks about Katie’s father. This is important because after years of not really speaking about him it shows that their mother is just starting to cope with his death. Her mother states in the play â€Å"I know you always thought I did everything wrong† (pg. 251). This shows that even though she knows they didn’t have the best relationship in the past that she’s trying to be there for her and only wants the best for her.Katie and her brother Joe has a typical brother and sister relationship they argue a lot but at the same time they care for each other. At times Joe even calls his sister Katie a brat but still offers to do things for her. The death of their father changed their relationship because Joe seems to be the person that now holds the family together. This appears to be Joe’s way of coping with his father’s death because he feels as if he has to be strong for both Katie and his mother and take on the new role of the man of the house. Joe: â€Å"What d’ya think?!Mom! The music’s started! You have to get to your seat! Aw, mom. I told you not to say that stuff. You said it, didn’t you ? You’re crying! Come on! Happy. Happy! Are you happy? See, she’s happy. Everybody’s happy. It’s a happy day. Let’s go! Let’s go! This quote is a great example of how Joe keeps everything together as everyone starts to breakdown; he represents the new rock and strength of their family. Katie’s relationship with her father is the most important because out of everyone in their family she had the closest relationship with him.A major conflict in the story is that Katie after these past years still can come to terms with her father’s death. On her wedding day as she’s preparing to walk down the aisle she in visions herself having a conversation with her father and reminiscing about all the good memories they shared. Katie says â€Å"I don’t understand you’re supposed to be the one I can count on† (pg. 247). This quote shows that even though Katie may not entirely get over the death of her father but she is slowly getting to the point where she is learning to deal with it.At the end of the play the conversation between Katie and her mother helps her come to terms with the death of her father because that was first time that they have actually had a conversation about him. Someone who hasn’t lost someone they really care about may not know how it feels emotionally to overcome the death of someone they love but death is hard to get over and not everyone gets over it quickly. The overall theme of these conflicts is that everyone learns to cope with the death of someone in their own way and at their own time. For Katie the wedding shows her starting a new beginning not only for her but for her family as well.

National Security

National Security: How Working Without Warrants Puts Us At Risk Samantha Schmidt English 112-L04 April 19, 2012 National Security: How Working Without Warrants Puts Us at Risk After 9/11, the whole country was sent into a tailspin. The fact that the United States, one of the most powerful countries worldwide, had suffered such a blow was mind blowing. The people were terrified. So too insure that a tragedy of that magnitude never happened again, the government put into place many new precautions.The most noticeable precaution would of course be the security in airports. What used to be a fast and simple process became a long, intrusive, uncomfortable experience. However, the biggest change is almost undetectable. To prevent another terrorist attack the National Security Agency (NSA) was given the ability to place individuals under surveillance. That means watching their emails, internet searches, and even listening in on phone conversations.In the beginning it was understood that the NSA would have to obtain warrants before placing individuals under surveillance, but as time passed it became apparent that the NSA often skipped the warrant process. If the NSA has the correct amount of evidence to give them probable cause against a suspect then they should be obtaining warrants. The National Security Agency has been providing important information to the US Military and major US decision makers since 1972. The NSA is responsible for a very large amount of information passed down the lines.The agency also enables Network Warfare operations in order to defeat terrorist organization foreign, and domestic. (National Security Agency, 2011) A warrant is a piece of paper giving law enforcement the ability to search, and seize items or information when probable cause has been presented (Search, 2010). When obtaining warrants, law enforcement must show enough evidence to prove that they have good reason to be interested in this certain individual. When one bypasses the ob taining of a warrant, they are endangering any chance of a conviction.Once a case gets to court, if it is discovered that the law enforcement agents acted without a warrant the case can be dismissed. If a terrorist is found, and brought to trial the evidence will be heavily examined, and the topic of warrants will come up. Once it is revealed that evidence was acquired without a warrant, the case can either be dismissed or the defendant could be found not guilty. Then due to Double Jeopardy, that same suspect cannot be tried again under the same charges. So proceeding in an investigation without a warrant can lead to letting a dangerous terrorist back into the public.In 2010, Federal Judge Vaughn R. Walker, ruled against the government stating they had violated a 1978 federal statute requiring court approval for domestic surveillance, when in 2004 they intercepted a message between a now-defunct Islamic charity, two of its lawyers, and Al Haramain. Judge Walker, Chief Judge of the F ederal District Court in San Francisco, ruled that the government was going to be held liable and would pay the plaintiffs for having been â€Å"subjected to unlawful surveillance. Judge Walker further displayed his objection to FISA’s action by stating it had â€Å"Obvious Potential for governmental abuse and over reaching† This was not the first time a specific wiretapping incident had been considered illegal. In 2006 Federal Judge Anna Diggs Taylor’s ruling of an illegal ruling was reversed on the grounds that the plaintiffs could not prove they were under surveillance, and therefore lacked the legal standing to sue. (Risen & Savage, 2010). Even when the NSA obtained warrants, they were often procured under spotty methods.In his 2006 essay; Big Brother Is Listening, James Bamford points out the flaws of the NSA’s warrant process. He gives the account of Jonathon Turley, a George Washington University Law professor who was employed by the NSA as a youn g intern. The FISA (Foreign Intelligence surveillance court), courtroom was hidden away on the top floor of the of the Justice Department Building (because even the location is supposed to be secret), is actually a heavily protected, windowless, bug-proof installation known as a Sensitive Compartmented Information Facility or SCIF.Turley recounted â€Å"I was shocked with what I saw. I was convinced that the judge is that SCIF would have signed anything that we put in front of him. And I wasn’t entirely sure that he had actually red what they put in front of him. But I remember going back to my supervisor at NSA and saying, ‘That place scares the daylights out of me. ’† The idea of judges signing warrant requests when they have not even read them and therefore, do not understand them is quite worrisome.When a judge signs a warrant, they must read to see if there is enough legal grounds to approve it. By signing without reading, a judge is giving the ok to watch these people having no idea if there was probable cause or sustainable evidence. When a judge is presented with a warrant application, they should have to read that application in its entirety. They should have to know that there is proof without a reasonable doubt that this person should be put under surveillance.They should fully understand the details and evidence of the case, and then decide if surveillance is really necessary. More important though, the NSA should always get a warrant before placing an individual under surveillance. Not only to protect our privacy, but to make sure the charges stand up in court. Even though the NSA is a government agency, they cannot bypass the rules of investigation. References Bamford, J. (2006). Big brother is listening. White F. D. , & Simone J. B.The well-crafted argument. (406-415) Boston, Ma: Wadsworth. National Security Agency. (2011). Retrieved April 18, 2012, from www. nsa. gov/about/index. shtml Risen J. , & Savage C. (2010, Ma rch 31). Federal judge finds NSA wiretaps were illegal. The New York Times. Retrieved April 19, 2012, from www. nytimes. com/2012/04/01/us/01nsa. html Search Warrants: An Overview. (2010). Cornell University Law School. Retrieved April, 17, 2012, from www. law. cornell. edu/wex/search_warrant

Air Force ROTC Essays - Military Ranks, Free Essays, Term Papers

Air Force ROTC Essays - Military Ranks, Free Essays, Term Papers Air Force ROTC 130th Cadet Wing Cadet Guide Spring 2016 Cadet: Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction.... 3 Chapter 2: Contacts, Info Distribution 4 Chapter 3: Customs & Courtesies........... 5 Chapter 4: Physical Fitness Standards & Jodies......... 11 Chapter 5: Drill & Ceremonies.......................... 15 Chapter 6: Uniform Wear.............. 19 Chapter 7: Conclusion 25 Signature Page.26 Chapter 1 Introduction Welcome to the Air Force Reserve Officer Training Corps 130th Cadet Wing! If you are reading this handbook, you have decided to make the initial steps in learning to become a successful Airman and leader in the United States Air Force. The 130th Cadet Wing participates in a leadership laboratory, also known as LLab, which will help you be prepared for Active Duty, and the opportunities it brings. This handbook is the official 130th Cadet Wing, Cadet Guide, which is designed to give you a well-rounded knowledge of Air Force basics, uniform wear, customs & courtesies, and the like. This guide is not a replacement of the requirements mandated by the leadership lab syllabus or the instruction of a cadre member and/or a cadet officer, Air Force Instructions (AFIs), or AFROTC Instructions (AFROTCIs). Rather, it serves as a supplemental material and guide toward where to learn more about your expectations as a cadet in the ROTC program, here, at Cadet Wing 130. Study hard, be confident, never fail, and never leave an Airman behind! Make sure your flight mates and fellow GMC know about this book and learn of its contents. You will be expected to use what you learn in this book at Det 130 and in your Air Force future. If you have any questions about the material, contact your flight mates first, then your POC Flight Commander. Good luck! Chapter 2 Contact Information & References Detachment 130 Contact Information 2419 6th Street, Northwest, Douglass Hall B-29 Washington, DC 20059 Phone: 202-806-6788 Fax: 202-806-4506 Cadet Wing 130 Website: www.det130.org Air Force Website: www.airforce.com Air Force ROTC Website: www.afrotc.com Cadre Members: Lieutenant Colonel Joyner Detachment Commander Captain Richard Frantz Operations Flight Commander Technical Sergeant Anndee Troxler NCOIC, Personnel Staff Sergeant Pamela Torres NCOIC, Knowledge Operations Ms. Ralphine Pughsley Administrative Assistant Information Distribution: Each week the cadet leadership will publish a document called Operations Orders (Ops Orders). This document details what the cadet wing will be doing throughout the week. It lists times, location, and uniform of the day (UOD) for every Leadership Lab as well as physical training session. They are published two ways. First, they will be emailed out over the wing list-serv (to get added to this listserv, email the webmaster at [emailprotected]). The second way is they will be posted to the cadet wing website (see above). The same method of distribution will apply to any other important announcement. If you were to have a question about any ops orders or announcement made you would direct that question through your chain of command (see Chapter 3, Number X). References (source of information in Guide)*: AFI 36-2905: Fitness Program AFI 36-2903: Dress and Appearance of Air Force Personnel AFMAN 36-2203: Drill & Ceremonies Manual Holm Center T-203: AFROTC Field Training Manual Holm Center T-703: Holm Center Training Manual AFROTCI 36-2010: Cadet Training Programs AFROTCI 36-2011: Cadet Operations *These guides can be located online with any internet search engine Chapter 3 Customs, Courtesies and Detachment Etiquette I. Absence and Tardiness Military Tardiness Standard As a cadet, you are expected to be early (usually 15 minutes) for any military-related event. If you are going to be late let your flight commander or supervisor know ahead of time. Be professional; phone calls, e-mails, and text messages are appropriate however, remember to use your customs and courtesies at ALL TIMES! AFROTC Attendance Policy In AFROTC, 80% of your attendance is the minimum standard. As officers, we exceed the minimum. If you need to be excused for academic, work-related, family, or emergency reasons, you need to send an Absence Request Form (ARF) to your direct superior at least 48 hours prior to the scheduled event. In the case of failure to meet attendance minimums, disenrollment from the AFROTC program will be considered. II. Military Etiquette Conduct while in Uniform Never walk on the grass (unless for reveille or related ceremonies). Spitting, chewing tobacco or gum and smoking are not permitted in formation. Cadets should avoid these actions in uniform as they detract from professional appearance. When consuming food or beverage in uniform, do so in a professional manner.

Teaching Students with Down Syndrome

Teaching Students with Down Syndrome Down Syndrome is a chromosomal abnormality and one of the most common genetic conditions. It occurs in approximately one in every 700 to one 1,000 live births. Down syndrome accounts for approximately 5 percent to 6 percent of intellectual disabilities.  Most students with Down syndrome fall into the mild to moderate range of cognitive impairment. Physically, a student with Down syndrome is easily recognizable due to characteristics such as a smaller overall stature, flat facial profile, thick epicanthic folds in the corners of their eyes, protruding tongues, and muscle hypotonia (low muscle tone). Cause of Down Syndrome Down syndrome was first identified as a discrete disorder with a set of similar  symptoms or characteristics, which are related to the presence of extra chromosome 21. Those characteristics include: Short stature and shortened bonesThick tongues and small oral cavitiesModerate to mild intellectual disabilitiesLow or inadequate muscle tone. Best Practices for Teachers There are a number of best practices for working with students with Down syndrome. In teaching, best practices are procedures and strategies that, through research, have been shown to be effective. Those strategies include: Inclusion:  Students with special needs should be full members of age-appropriate inclusive classes to the extent they can be. Effective inclusion means that the teacher must be fully supportive of the model. The inclusive environment is less likely to stigmatize and provides a much more natural environment for the students. There are more opportunities for peer relationships to occur and much of the research states that full integration works better than classrooms that are segregated according to cognitive ability or special needs. Building self-esteem:  The physical characteristics of a student with Down syndrome will often result in a lowered self-esteem, which means the teacher needs to take every opportunity to boost self-confidence and instill pride through a variety of strategies. Progressive learning:  Students with Down syndrome usually face many intellectual challenges. Strategies that work for mildly disabled students and/or students with significant learning disabilities will also work with these students. Most students with Down syndrome do not progress beyond the intellectual capabilities of a normal developing 6-to-8-year-old. However, a teacher should always strive to move the child progressively along the learning continuum- never assume the child isnt capable. Solid intervention and high-quality instruction lead to improved academic achievement for students with Down syndrome. Through a multimodal approach, a teacher uses as many concrete materials and real-world authentic situations as possible. The teacher should use language appropriate for student understanding, speak slowly when necessary, and always break tasks into smaller steps and provide instruction for each step. Students with Down syndrome usually have good short-term memory. Minimize distractions: Students with special needs are often easily distracted. Teachers should employ strategies that work to minimize distractions such as keeping the student away from the window, using a structured environment, keeping the noise level down, and having an orderly classroom where students are free from surprises and know the expectations, routines, and rules. Teachers should use direct instruction in short periods of time along with brief activities to help to support learning, and they should introduce new material slowly, sequentially, and in a step-by-step fashion. Employ speech-and-language instruction:  Children with Down syndrome can suffer from serious problems such as hearing difficulties and articulation problems. Sometimes they will require speech/language intervention and a great deal of direct instruction. In some cases, augmentative or facilitated communication will be a good alternative for communication. Teachers should use patience and model appropriate interactions at all times. Behavior-management techniques: Strategies used for other students should not differ for the student with Down syndrome. Positive reinforcement is a much better strategy than punitive techniques. Reinforcers need to be meaningful. The strategies a teacher uses to reach and teach a student with Down syndrome will often be beneficial to many learners in the classroom. Using the above strategies can be effective with students of all levels of ability.

Quotes on Strategic Composition in the Writing Process

Quotes on Strategic Composition in the Writing Process The writing process is the series of overlapping steps that most writers follow in composing texts. Also called the composing process. In composition classrooms before the 1980s, the writing was often treated as an orderly sequence of discrete activities. Since thenas a result of studies conducted by Sondra Perl, Nancy Sommers, and othersthe stages of the writing process have come to be recognized as fluid and recursive. Beginning in the mid-1990s, research in the field of composition studies began to shift again, from an emphasis on process to a post-process focus with the emphasis on pedagogical and theoretical examination of culture, race, class, and gender (Edith Babin and Kimberly Harrison, Contemporary Composition Studies, Greenwood, 1999). Reflect on these facts, and your own writing process, as you explore the following excerpts. Process vs. Product: Writing Workshops A watchword of much recent composition theory is process: teachers are warned against concentrating on papers as products and invited to engage with papers as part of the writing process. . . .Teachers interested in the writing process may turn their classes into writing workshops in which commentary on papers is designed to spark an ongoing process of revision. In at least one influential model, this workshop atmosphere follows from the belief that students already know how to express themselves, that writing is based on an innate competence for expression.(Harry E. Shaw, Responding to Student Essays, Teaching Prose: A Guide for Writing Instructors, edited by K.V. Bogel and K. K. Gottschalk, Norton, 1984) The Recursive Nature of the Writing Process   [D]uring any stage of the writing process, students may engage mental processes in a previous or successive stage.(Adriana L. Medina, The Parallel Bar: Writing Assessment and Instruction, in  Reading Assessment and Instruction for All Learners, ed. by Jeanne Shay Schumm. Guilford Press, 2006)- The term [recursive] refers to the fact that writers can engage in any act of composingfinding ideas, thinking about ways of organizing them, imagining ways of expressing themat any time during their writing and often perform these acts many times while writing.(Richard Larson, Competing Paradigms for Research and Evaluation in the Teaching of English.  Research in the Teaching of English, October 1993) Creativity and the Writing Process The open-ended writing process may lead to successive versions of a short piece of writing as it goes through various stages or transformations: you end up keeping what is in effect the last version and throwing away all the previous onesthat is, throwing away 95 percent of what you have written. . . .If you separate the writing process into two stages, you can exploit these opposing muscles [of creativity versus critical thinking] one at a time: first be loose and accepting as you do fast early writing; then be critically toughminded as you revise what you have produced. What youll discover is that these two skills used alternately dont undermine each other at all, they enhance each other.For it turns out, paradoxically, that you increase your creativity by working on critical thinking. What prevents most people from being inventive and creative is fear of looking foolish.(Peter Elbow, Writing With Power: Techniques for Mastering the Writing Process, 2nd ed. Oxford University. Press , 1998) Writers on the Writing Process You must write first and avoid afterward. A writer is in no danger of splitting an infinitive if he has no infinitive to split.(Stephen Leacock, How to Write, 1943)- In the writing process, the more a story cooks, the better. The brain works for you even when you are at rest. I find dreams particularly useful. I myself think a great deal before I go to sleep, and the details unfold in the dream.(Doris Lessing in Mrs. Lessing Addresses Some of Lifes Puzzles, by Herbert Mitgang. The New York Times, April 22, 1984) Criticism of the Process Paradigm For many writing teachers and researchers, the thirty-year-old love affair with the process paradigm has finally begun to cool. . .. Frustration has focused on a number of problems: the way writing has been turned into a largely interior phenomenon; the way it has been reduced to a more-or-less uniform sequence of stages (thinking, writing, revision); the way it has been modeled on a single kind of text, the school essay; and the way it has been conceived as the outcome of a general skill that transcends both content and context and is capable of being learned in a short period of time by young people in formal educational settings. At its worst, critics have contended, the process has left our students without a precise language to talk about rhetorical products, without substantive knowledge concerning rhetorical practices and their effects, and without the deep-seated rhetorical habits and dispositions needed for effective and responsible participation in genuinely deliberative de mocracies.(J. David Fleming, The Very Idea of a Progymnasmata. Rhetoric Review, No. 2, 2003)

Corporate Social Responsibility of China Telecom Dissertation

Corporate Social Responsibility of China Telecom - Dissertation Example Center of discussion in this paper is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) that has become a corporate custom. The CSR has been defined as the inclusion of social and environmental concerns into business actions on a voluntary basis. The main purpose of CSR practices is to mitigate the concerns of various internal and external stakeholders and shareholders. The stakeholders have been defined as those who have stakes or interests in companies’ actions and processes. The internal stakeholders include employees. Normally, employees always prefer that their stakes such as rise in salaries, bonuses and fringe benefits must not be violated and they should be appropriately satisfied. The external stakeholders include regulatory authorities, suppliers, financial institutions, local communities, customers, competitors and physical and geographical environment. The regulatory authorities want that the companies must always be transparent and they should comply with the relevant regulat ory requirements. In addition to that, the regulatory authorities expect that the companies should remain responsible corporate citizens. The suppliers expect that the companies must not delay or violate contract terms and they should always process timely payments so that they also become in a position to sustain business relationship with them. The financial institutions want that the companies to pay their outstanding debt and interest payments; the financial institutions always extend credit facility after financial evaluation of the financial statements of the companies.... plifment 50 Supporting Public Events 52 Spreading Healthy Information 52 Guaranteeing Emergency Communications 53 Caring for employees 55 Environment Protection Practices 58 Summary 64 Conclusion and Recommendations 66 References 70 Introduction Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become a corporate custom. The CSR has been defined as the inclusion of social and environmental concerns into business actions on a voluntary basis. The main purpose of CSR practices is to mitigate the concerns of various internal and external stakeholders and shareholders. The stakeholders have been defined as those who have stakes or interests in companies’ actions and processes. The internal stakeholders include employees. Normally, employees always prefer that their stakes such as rise in salaries, bonuses and fringe benefits must not be violated and they should be appropriately satisfied. The external stakeholders include regulatory authorities, suppliers, financial institutions, local co mmunities, customers, competitors and physical and geographical environment. The regulatory authorities want that the companies must always be transparent and they should comply with the relevant regulatory requirements. In addition to that, the regulatory authorities expect that the companies should remain responsible corporate citizens. The suppliers expect that the companies must not delay or violate contract terms and they should always process timely payments so that they also become in a position to sustain business relationship with them. The financial institutions want that the companies to pay their outstanding debt and interest payments; the financial institutions always extend credit facility after financial evaluation of the financial statements of the companies. The local

Sexual Abuse Of Women In Australia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Sexual Abuse Of Women In Australia - Essay Example This result of violence can persist even long after the woman has been separated from her spouse as it will consequently take a re-arrangement of her mind as to what she is and who she is before she can let go of the notion that she does not deserve to be punished. If vital counseling does not follow separation, the victim continues to do the attackers' work on his behalf by attacking herself in his absence in order to continue fulfilling his desires. In a condition akin to the Stockholm syndrome, the victim will express sympathy with the views of her captor and even defend him when he is prosecuted for the harm he has caused her. A particularly insidious type of violence is suffered by pregnant women who have abusive spouses as it can trigger stillbirths, abortions, miscarriages, or premature births. For some reason, it has been established by research in Australia that the incidence and brutality of violence meted on women by men are higher when those women happen to be pregnant. I n an Australian survey of 400 women, 27% had experienced violence during the duration of their pregnancy. Domestic violence has been found to have the enduring impact on its sufferers and survivors. Those who survive it are plagued by a curiously powerful self-esteem that can completely cripple their lives so that they lose their capacity to believe in themselves totally. Maintaining a job can suddenly seem to be a daunting prospect to a victim who has been conditioned to believe that there is nothing of any worth that she can achieve. (De Cruz, 2010). With loss of a job will come a lower standard of living, lost income and financial stability and a compromise on health standards for the victim and her children consequently. Recent data on the violence against women figures in Australia indicate a rise in physical and sexual assault cases. Since two years ago, when just below one third of women (29%) reported having

Starbucks Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Starbucks - Essay Example The paper talks us the story of Starbucks from very begining. By 1992, Starbucks had its initial public offering with 165 outlets. Today, Starbucks has almost 17,000 stores in over 50 countries. It has also taken over several companies including Seattle Coffee Company, Seattle's Best Coffee, Diedrich Coffee and Coffee People. Starbucks has also reduced product cost and waste but at the same time improved customer satisfaction. The profitability of their international business continues to improve through supply chain efficiencies. The primary market risk that Starbucks will face in the coming year is the commodity price risk of coffee and dairy products. Foreign exchange currency risk is also a concern because of its international operations. After an analysis of the financials of Starbucks, we can say that it is very good investment for the future because of its growth potential. Although its US market may already be saturated, its overseas market is not yet saturated. Its 40-year history of providing exceptional coffee, world-class customer experience, commitment to its partners (employees) and dedication as a responsible corporate citizen is more than enough reason to invest in the company. We are sure we can go wrong with Starbucks! Go to the store and try a good cup of coffee!

Threats and Methods to Secure a VoIP Network Essay

Threats and Methods to Secure a VoIP Network - Essay Example People were mostly concerned with its cost, functionality and reliability. Today, VoIP is growing to the point where companies of almost any size in any industry know how to take advantage of the cost savings and other emerging added features in VoIP. As VOIP is gaining wide acceptance and becoming one of the mainstream communication technologies, security has become a major issue. Network Administrators are finding themselves in a tough position of providing their clienteles with the security and reliability that they have grown accustomed to over these years. The threats to security and privacy could be in the form of DOS (denial of service), malformed messages, sniffing, spoofing, vishing, VOIP spam and SPIT (spam over VOIP). The vulnerable components under threat through the use of VoIP could be access device application, management interface, network, tftp server. Means to secure the VOIP network could be VoIP Protocol, Session Border Protocol, or using the network devices. To protect networks from these threats, one of the key aspects is the methodology of securing information; that is, to conceal the signals and media in real time communications from unauthorized entities through cryptography. But there is no single solution to secure a VOIP service network entirely the best practice is to integrate all possible solutions according to service model, network architecture, protocol model, target customers, peering partners and so on. With increasing use of this technology combined with modern technology and its users, VoIP faces many security issues that need to be covered and prevented in order to make this technology as one of the best for the companies. Therefore this dissertation will examine some security concerns and protection methods by analyzing the threats to VoIP network and consequently determine how to deal with them from design, quality of service and management perspectives. 1.2 Introduction As with IT security, there are a multitude of threats to a VoIP network that can make it difficult to secure VoIP telephony. DoS attacks, message tampering, proxy impersonation, registration hijacking are but a few of the problems telephony managers may encounter as they try to secure VoIP networks. The security of private data, whether in organizations or industries, is becoming more crucial and relevant each day. VOIP technology also needs to continually improve and update its security defenses in terms of reliability and quality. As internet telephony comes to handle more data, it becomes an easy target for cyber crime. From the beginning of its inception, VOIP infrastructure has always been vulnerable to threats from other networked architectures. This happens due to the process of digitization, and encryption of voice, which is then compressed into small packets and sent over the Internet Protocol network systems. This technicality is presented in the VOIP system which can

The role of social media in building lasting valuable customer Essay

The role of social media in building lasting valuable customer relationships - Essay Example 1). Interactive market entails appreciating the experiences customers through communication channels whereby customers have a significant experience with the internet in the form of flow (Shankar and Malthouse, 2009, p. 1). Through following their preferred brands and retailers on social media platforms, consumers can get access to an insider view of commodities and the companies that produce them while at the same time looking at new releases, promotions and giveaways among other things. The present retail environment is in a new social norm with more and more people utilizing social networks every day. According to the Digital Consumer Report almost sixty-four percent of people who use social media tap into sites at least once every day on their computers, while almost fifty percent of social media subscribers access social networks through their smartphones. Progressive business entities such as Apple, Dell, Starbucks as well as Nike among other have adopted social channels such as Twitter, Facebook and Instagram as a means of boosting their bottom-line results (Safko, 2012, p. 27). Numerous brands have started realizing that social media can be employed as a powerful instrument in driving in-store engagement as well as sales. For most of the consumers, social media can be the source of inspiration on various ways of decorating space, planning an outfit or seeing how it fits on a real person rather than the conventional model. However, the participation of retailers in social channels is not supposed to end the moment when the customer pays for the commodity he or she is buying (Sparrow, 2010, p. 33). In order to drive continuous sales while promoting prolonged loyalty, forward thinking businesses employ social media networks to foster ongoing relationships and give value to their customers through time. Even though social media can assist in promoting quick sales and short-term goals of spreading the

Threats and Methods to Secure a VoIP Network Essay

Threats and Methods to Secure a VoIP Network - Essay Example People were mostly concerned with its cost, functionality and reliability. Today, VoIP is growing to the point where companies of almost any size in any industry know how to take advantage of the cost savings and other emerging added features in VoIP. As VOIP is gaining wide acceptance and becoming one of the mainstream communication technologies, security has become a major issue. Network Administrators are finding themselves in a tough position of providing their clienteles with the security and reliability that they have grown accustomed to over these years. The threats to security and privacy could be in the form of DOS (denial of service), malformed messages, sniffing, spoofing, vishing, VOIP spam and SPIT (spam over VOIP). The vulnerable components under threat through the use of VoIP could be access device application, management interface, network, tftp server. Means to secure the VOIP network could be VoIP Protocol, Session Border Protocol, or using the network devices. To protect networks from these threats, one of the key aspects is the methodology of securing information; that is, to conceal the signals and media in real time communications from unauthorized entities through cryptography. But there is no single solution to secure a VOIP service network entirely the best practice is to integrate all possible solutions according to service model, network architecture, protocol model, target customers, peering partners and so on. With increasing use of this technology combined with modern technology and its users, VoIP faces many security issues that need to be covered and prevented in order to make this technology as one of the best for the companies. Therefore this dissertation will examine some security concerns and protection methods by analyzing the threats to VoIP network and consequently determine how to deal with them from design, quality of service and management perspectives. 1.2 Introduction As with IT security, there are a multitude of threats to a VoIP network that can make it difficult to secure VoIP telephony. DoS attacks, message tampering, proxy impersonation, registration hijacking are but a few of the problems telephony managers may encounter as they try to secure VoIP networks. The security of private data, whether in organizations or industries, is becoming more crucial and relevant each day. VOIP technology also needs to continually improve and update its security defenses in terms of reliability and quality. As internet telephony comes to handle more data, it becomes an easy target for cyber crime. From the beginning of its inception, VOIP infrastructure has always been vulnerable to threats from other networked architectures. This happens due to the process of digitization, and encryption of voice, which is then compressed into small packets and sent over the Internet Protocol network systems. This technicality is presented in the VOIP system which can

AT&T sales management plan - BODY ONLY no abstract or conclusions Term Paper

AT&T sales management plan - BODY ONLY no abstract or conclusions - Term Paper Example The AT&T organization holds workshops for the different managers in the organization. These workshops enable them to acquire adequate skills in using the sophisticated equipment the organization sells. The management is also able to have a feel of what their customers require. The organization should focus on a few areas such as increasing their negotiations for sales with their customers. They should use online training to enhance support among their users’ performances. The sales team should also been assigned with the task of tracking the results of their sales and reporting them to the organizations management. This will in turn enable the management to make improvements on the products that are performing dismally. The sales team will rely on building more stable and accountable relationships with their customers to ensure their sales remain high. The organization has entered into an agreement with other producers of technology to improve on their product’s quality. This ensures that their sales and profitability levels remain high (Still, Cundiff and Govoni, 2006). An example of such an agreement was entered into with Cisco systems, which was meant to create products that were compatible with their widely used technologies. They should enter into similar agreements in future to enhance their productivities and profitability. The sales management is charged with the responsibilities of planning, controlling, directing and staffing the sales team activities. They are left to plan the strategies the team will use in order to accomplish the organizations objectives. This is because the sales team mingles directly with the customers and understands their needs better. They are left to control the teams activities to ensure their activities reach a wider market. The sales team has experience in the field and should employ methods that increase the

My intercultural communication at school Essay Example for Free

My intercultural communication at school Essay My ESL classes at Heald College took six months and these were necessary requirements so that I could pursue major courses in Architecture. There were other students like me from other countries and it felt good to belong to a group that was being taught the American way of life and culture. It felt good because it gave me the feeling that I was not alone in my hardships. It did not feel so bad and odd being with a group struggling with nuances of the English language and pronunciation and the idiosyncrasies of American culture. While I considered myself an out-group when I was with natural-born Americans, I felt like a member of an in-group when I was with the foreign students. Probably, this feeling springs from the fact that one naturally feels out of place when all others behave and talk in a different way. There is some comfort gained from knowing that one is just like the others. My struggle to fit in was at times frustrating, as I could not be properly understood by the teacher on account of misplaced accents or outright mispronunciations. At first I really felt stupid when the teacher would rephrase my statement and ask if it was what I meant. When I would say it was not what I meant, another classmate would butt in with a genuine intention to help me out but I would end up all the more confused and misunderstood. Realizing the setbacks of my lack of facility with the language, I resolved more than ever to master the English language. My Intercultural Communication at Work Working as a busboy and later, as a waiter in a restaurant gave me the chance to encounter more people and gain more facility with the English language. Finding work was quite an exhilarating experience for me. I felt that I could already communicate my ideas clearly and so I gained more confidence. Of course, there were still some instances when some patrons would fail to understand how I pronounce my words but whenever such a thing happened, I would remember the word and practice saying it correctly when I got home. I had discarded my Dari-English dictionary and I could already carry on a conversation with a native speaker of American English without fumbling for the right word or halting. I once attempted to be friendly with other waiters hoping to generate deeper camaraderie while we were up and about with our tasks. To my horror, I found that Americans seem to be single-minded and so focused when they go about their work that banter is misconstrued as not being serious about work. From then on, I learned to be very business-like while doing my work, bearing in mind that I was not working in an Afghan setting Conclusion This profound reflection on my sojourn in America has made me realize a lot of things that I once took for granted. First, I realized that I possess the resilience and tenacity that is a hallmark of a true Afghan. I used to take for granted the lore and history that due to the Afghan experience of a succession of foreign invasions, Afghans are by nature strong in spirit and character. Indeed, it is no easy task for an 18-year-old boy to force himself to become an adult almost overnight due to peculiar personal circumstances. I realized too that exposure to another culture widens ones horizons and makes one more tolerant of other people. Assimilation into another culture truly begins and is facilitated by an earnest desire to learn the language to a level that one speaks it like one born into the language itself. Together with this is a keen sense of awareness of the seemingly insignificant cultural differences between one’s culture of origin and the host culture. Cultural sensitivity, if I may use the term, enables one to steer clear of problematic situations. Indeed, it is not always wise to act and behave according to one’s cultural orientation when one is in another cultural setting. My intercultural communication with the Peterson family was at first regulated by cues from the reactions of Mr. Peterson. I came to know what he disliked by observing how he reacted. Yet, the sincere sharing of cultural traditions was the factor that truly made our relationship rise up to a higher level. Mutual respect and understanding resulted from the open sharing and this could not have happened by merely observing each other’s reactions. Truly, if one wants to have a meaningful intercultural communication, it must begin with an honest sharing of culture and traditions. It makes it possible to view the other person from their own cultural perspective. The moment I stopped my automatic comparison of Afghan and American values whenever I encountered an unfamiliar cultural practice, I became more accepting of American culture. As Holliday, Hyde and Kullman advise, â€Å"Put aside simplistic notions about what is real and unreal in your perception of another culture, and appreciate that every society is as complex and culturally varied as your own†. (10) The moment I began to have this attitude in my attempt to fully integrate myself into American society, I may have taken the first step towards â€Å"intercultural competence†. Alred and Byram (2002) define intercultural competence as â€Å"the ability to behave appropriately in intercultural situations†¦. the ability to stabilize one’s self-identity while mediating between cultures† (340). I may have taken the first step but I still have a long way to go. All people regardless of culture have the innate need to feel a sense of belongingness. I am sure this is the reason why I felt at ease with my fellow Afghans as I did with other foreign students who were struggling to deal with language difficulties. Yet, once a genuine intercultural communication is initiated, it leads one to learn and marvel at the diversity and richness of all cultures around the world. Works Cited Alred, Geof and Mike Byram. â€Å"Becoming an Intercultural Mediator: A Longitudinal Study of Residence Abroad. † Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 23. 5 (2002). Retrieved from http://www. multilingual-matters. net/jmmd/023/jmmd0230339.htm on April 25, 2007. Holliday, Adrian, Martin Hyde, and John Kullman. Intercultural Communication: An Advanced Resource Book. New York: Routledge, 2004. Questia. 25 Apr. 2007 http://www. questia. com/PM. qst? a=od=108464145. Robson, Barbara, Juliene Lipson with Farid Younos and Mariam Mehdi. â€Å"Afghans Their History and Culture, Cross-Cultural and Adjustment Challenges, published by the Center of Applied Linguistics, The Cultural Orientation Resource Center last updated 6/30/02. Retrieved from http://www. cal. org/co/afghan/acult. html on April 25, 2007.

Macro-Environment of British Airways (BA)

Macro-Environment of British Airways (BA) One of the biggest airlines in the UK is British Airways (BA) which is domination domestic and international flights in the UK. Its international flights go up to 150 destinations around the world which does not include its partners and franchise. But, from the last ten years BA is going through neck to neck competition as well as a lot of management problems which is creating a lot of problems for the company and at the same time it is also taking the business away. The assignment will let us know how is BA performing, what strategies plans are to be used for the development of the company and have a good hold in the market. Things or Models like PESTEL, SWOT and Value Chain would help BA to come up with strategies that it would have good competition with it competitors. Strategies like bringing down the prices as well as cost, at the same time promoting its brand and also taking interest in mergers and alliances which would bring the economy of the company up. INTRODUCTION: BAs main aim and focus is on providing high quality but at high prices but it is not like other flights who have low prices just to increase their profit but at the same time they dont have any quality service taking place at all. BAs main targeted customers are the high class or in other words the Executive Class customers. This is because they earn their revenue from these customers only. But from the last ten years BA is going through a very challenging phase because its market rate and revenue both have dropped drastically and the reason for this is because of the increasing and new competition coming in the industry(Milmo, 2008); which is as explained through Porters 5 Forces. The main competitors for BA are Royal Dutch Airlines, Virgin Atlantic, EasyJet and Ryanair. To get through these competition, BA had come up with many strategies and also took advantage of its opportunities and strengths. This has been explained in SWOT analysis and also in TOWS and Porters Generic Strategies. COMPANY HISTORY OVERVIEW: British Airways Plc was once upon a time a subsidiary of Imperial Airways, which was created by merging four British airlines, this was taking place in somewhere in 1924. But, later on by 1939 for some period of time the brand had disappeared, but by 1974 when idea for nationalisation came for British Airlines .This was the time when two main airlines joined their hands and merged together i.e. British European Airways (BEA) and British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC) and formed into British Airways. In 1987 because of some financial problems the airline got privatised in 1987. BA, at the moment does not only caters service of carrying customers but also at the same time gives service of air cargo and mail service also(Bourne, 2007). To make its position in the market better BA is continuously coming up with new strategies, like giving to its customers advanced service, bringing in new aircrafts and having full corporation with its customers and at the same time taking responsibilities of theirs. To evaluate the external factors that critically affect the strategic decisions of the airline Macro Environment of BA is explained below: MACRO ENVIRONMENT OF BRITISH AIRWAYS: Before coming up with any strategy for British Airways it is very important to analyse the Macro Environment of British Airways. Because of this reason PESTEL analysis is been done and the external factors are being highlighted that are effecting the business of the company and what opportunities should it take in and what can cause a big treat also at the same time. PESTEL Analysis: (P)olitical Factors: To make sure that the security of the passengers are good BA has to enhance its safety ways as per the needs of Department for Transport (DFT) (Memorandum from BA Plc, 2005). To work properly it is very important for to go according to the rules and regulations set up by the Association of European Airlines (Buyck, 2010). (E)conomical Factors: As per the economical factor in the year 2008 the spending of the consumers of UK declined drastically, this had taken place after thirteen years because of which the competition in the market became more severe (The Telegraph, 2008). BAs full business totally depend on the executive class customers ,but right now the this has also decreased because of the cost cutting programs that are taking place in every industry. Even the daily changing oil prices effects a lot to the company as taking financial decisions get very hard. And off lately because of the global economic meltdown that had taken place recently there has been a drastic drop in the Airline Industry. (S)ocial Factors: Bargaining power of an employer has increased because there is an increasing rate of unemployment which is a big advantage to BA.As time is passing the demands of customers are increasing because of which facilities and services are also changing because of which threats are also increasing. Ageing is also a problem that UK is facing a there are more old people than young , which means that the number of flyers will keep decreasing in the future. (Office for National Statistics, 2010). (T)echnological Factors: As technology is increasing customers service at the same time is also improving. Comparing ticket prices online and knowing about the flight is very much possible online, so customers find the best prices online. Because of which they tend to go more for low cost airlines. Not only cost can be found out online but E-ticket reservations and online check in can also be done which is having a lot of popularity. BA needs to keep up with the growing IT and also make sure that everything is user friendly. (E)nvironmental/Ethical Factors: Environment also plays a very important role in this. As time is passing customers are becoming more environment friendly and they want less pollution. This is the only reason that expansion of Heathrow is having a lot of barriers as there is a lot of carbon gasses emission taking place(DFT, 2009). In the past BA had gone through noise pollution issue because of its Concorde flight. Ethical issues like misplacing of bags and cancellation of flights should be looked into or else the reputation of the brand will get lost. (L)egal Factors: Mergers have to be kept to a very restricted (Ownership rules in America) which would show certain limitations in respect to the union on American Airlines with BA (Knibb, 2010). Waiting for trade union to take any action, it is better to keep good relationship with the unions so that there are no unions taking place. VALUE CHAIN: SUPPORT ACTIVITIES: Firm Infrastructure: Structural Organisation gives BA the facility to come up with better strategies as well as have better communication within the organisation. But, this can sometime effect the operations taking place in the company. Human Resource Management: Off lately BA has spent quite a lot in training programs so that they can recruit the best, so that these best can provide the best customer service (British Airways Annual Report, 2007-08).BA has gone through many problems like Cabin Crew strike, granting of sick absence and demand for increasing of wages(Gray, 2007). Technology Development: By introducing services online in the flight and communication facilities BA has got a chance to gain competitive advantage by creating value for its customers Procurement: Since BA is a very old organisation it has got good relations because of which it can take advantage of and increase its economy by dealing with suppliers very well. PRIMARY ACTIVITIES Inbound Logistics: The important features how to control stocks, better training facilities (BA Press Office, 2008) and past good relationship with suppliers (e.g. Gate Gourmet Catering Services). Operations: Features like online check-in and e-booking attracts customers more. Outbound Logistics: Customers are allowed to choose which ever flight they want to and where ever they want to go and which every airport they want to land on, because of there are slots available at different airports. Marketing Sales: When the financial background is strong there are many investments taking place and because of which more promotion takes place because of which the revenue gets improved. But, if the marketing strategies are not right and not that innovative then there are chances of loosing out of customers to another competitive flights. Post Sales Services: Giving customers the chance to give their feedbacks and asking them to give their views which in turn helps BA to connect to its customers very well and improve themselves. Because of which the business and the company can incur profit.

Finding the Truth in the Situation Essay examples -- Literary Analysis

William Shakespeare has yet again created a world of good and evil. In his work Othello, the ideals and principles of this world are just like any other with a twist brought upon by two characters, Othello and Iago. These two characters along with many others employ the central idea of what good and evil entails. However, neither Othello nor Iago possess just one of these traits. Othello is not just the pure perfect guy he is perceived to be and Iago is not just the evil vindictive character he is believed to be but rather both of these men are far more interesting than that. They both have the necessary qualities that get them through life and potentially threaten their lives. Through their actions and interactions with the other characters that they really are is shown. Othello seems to have a really rough time finding the truth in people. The reasoning behind this is simply the way he acts around people. Although Othello is a cultural and racial outsider in Venice, his skill as a soldier and leader is nevertheless valuable and necessary. He is after all a man in high power and is respected for that simple fact. Essentially, the first impact that is made upon the reader of Othello is not one of high quality. He was called many names of which had to do mostly with his racial background some of these names include â€Å"the Moor† (I.i.57), â€Å"an old black ram† (I.i.88), and â€Å"a Barbary horse† (I.i.113). The two characters that begin the cruel introduction of Othello are two trusted comrades, one being Iago. Right from the start, Iago already begins the demise of Othello. Now since Othello made this decision to trust and simply see the good in everyone rather than the truth in everyone his life got turned upside down and st arted to take ... ...re. He is like a chameleon, loves the attention he receives when entering a room, yet he can blend in with the crowd when need be. No one could ever see the real Iago because he never let anyone, even his wife Emilia, know the real him. Both Othello and Iago have many different qualities but the ones that are the same are what proves the point of them not just simply being two sides of one coin. Othello had many weaknesses and Iago plays off every single one of them, the â€Å"hellish villain†(V, ii, 354) that Iago is killed every living ounce that was left in Othello, and once the truth came to the surface, Othello only wished he could awaken and â€Å"arise, black vengeance, from the hollow hell† (III, iii, 507). The fact that Iago had â€Å"ensnared [Othello’s] soul and body† (V, ii, 354) made Othello believe that â€Å"honesty’s a fool† (III, iii, 436) and his life was over.

MRSA infection in neonatal intensive care units

Methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains increased in the U.S. from 2.4% in 1975 to 29% in 1991. Once established, MRSA is very difficult to eradicate. One of the biggest challenges is preventing cross-transmission of these organisms. Certain patients are more prone to infection and colonization by MRSA, and neonates in NICUs are a high-risk group (Finkelstein, 1999, 24). Risk factors for acquiring MRSA include prolonged hospitalization; a stay in an ICU or burn unit; previous antimicrobial therapy; surgical site infections; and exposure to colonized or infected patients. The majority of MRSA infections in neonates are primary bacteremias and pneumonias. MRSA infections have also been associated with increased morbidity and mortality, and greater hospital costs than those due to methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). Why are neonates more prone to MRSA infection? With regards to skin infection it has been shown that an infant's gestational age has a great impact on epidermal barrier function as measured by transepidermal water loss. Preterm infants younger than 28 weeks show decreased functioning of the epidermal barrier, placing them at risk for cutaneous bacterial infection (Kalia, 1998, 323). The skin barrier attains full function, similar to adult skin, by 2 to 4 weeks of age but can take as long as 8 weeks in extremely premature infants. Mandel et al. (2004, 161) conducted a retrospective analysis of the role of cutaneous abscess in sepsis. They found that in 22% of the newborn infants with nosocomial sepsis, cutaneous abscess was the underlying cause. Additionally, their immune systems are underdeveloped, with white blood cells-neutrophils in particular-moving more slowly than adults'. It's suspected that neonates become colonized with S. aureus soon after being placed in a nursery, with the umbilical stump as the site of initial colonization. Factors identified with MRSA outbreaks in NICUs include high infant-to-staff ratios and infection transmission through hand carriage by health care workers (AAP, 1997) Spread of MRSA Infection and prevention MRSA is found on the anterior nares, groin, and perineum, S. aureus is a normal part of the body flora. It's also a common pathogen, causing major infections in both compromised and uncompromised patients. The normal immune response of the body can overcome any MRSA attempt to infection, but in the intensive care due to reduced immune response, and bacterial resistance, these organisms van create havoc. In a report from Australia quoted by Park (2007, 26-27), it was shown that from 1992 to 1994, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) infections caused only 8% of staphylococcal infections but from 1995 to 1998, there was an outbreak of MRSA infection in two Melbourne hospitals. Methods to halt the spread of MRSA outbreaks include reducing overcrowding and improving staffing patterns, treating umbilical cords with triple-dye, and bathing full-term infants with hexachlorophene. But unless strict adherence to infection control is maintained, it is not possible to control this infection. Handwashing is most important. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that neonatal nursery staff perform a three-minute handwash at the start of each shift, cleansing up to the elbows with an antiseptic soap and sponge brush (AAP, 1997). Infected neonates should be placed on contact precautions. Here the infant must be handled with gloves, and if possible, depending on the spacing available and the acute status of the infant, they should be assigned to isolated chambers (Larson, 1995, 259, 262). Hitomi etal (2000, 127), advocate the use of mupirocin as a nasal spray to control nasal carriage of MRSA in the hospital staff, which act as the greatest source of spread of this infection. Effects of Nosocomial MRSA infection According to the NNIS (2002), In 2000, 55.3% of S. aureus isolates causing nosocomial infections among patients hospitalized in intensive care units in hospitals reporting to the National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance System were resistant to methicillin. Nambiar etal(2003, 224) give an interesting account of the complications MRSA can cause in an intensive care setting. They describe an outbreak of MRSA, in which neonates had meningitis, blood stream infection (with its complications – soft tissue abscess, shock and a right atrial thrombus, suppurative thrombophlebitis, osteoarthritis of the distal femur and knee joint). Masanga (1999, 169) reported colonic stenosis after MRSA enterocolitis. The predisposing factors for neonatal MSSA enterocolitis include breast feeding from a mother with staphylococcal mastitis,an indwelling feeding catheter   and malnutrition. The clinical picture of MSSA enterocolitis in the neonate is characterized by acute onset of diarrhea and ileus. Necrotizing enterocolitis. intensive care including mechanical ventilation, indwelling feeding catheter, the use of antibiotics, the delay of feeding causing the lower acidity of gastric contents, hypoactive peristalsis and the change of bowel flora, conditions similar to those seen in postoperative patients most likely predisposed to abnormal MRSA growth and resultant enterocolitis. toxic shock syndrome (combination of erythema and thrombocytopenia, low-positive C-reactive protein (CRP) value, or fever), (Richtmann etal, 2000, 88-89, Takahashi, 2003, 234-35). Effect on parents The illness in the neonate is a great source of stress to the parents. Not only is the child separated from the mother, which leads to anxiety for the mother, and nursing problems. There occur problems of lactation, with breast engorgement and galactorrhoea. In addition, the mother is at a greater risk of catching infection from a septicemic child with pneumonia and exanthemas. Skin infection can spread via contact. Thus parents are at an increased risk from a child affected with MRSA infection. Treatment Prevention is the best treatment. This infection can be rapidly fatal in the neonates, particularly the preterm infants. Prompt recognition of the symptoms and active measures to prevent spread can reduce the morbidity and mortality. Cultures should be obtained for susceptibility determination in any child with a presumed S. aureus infection that is moderate to severe. The choice of empiric therapy, before susceptibility testing, and the choice of definitive therapy will depend on the local antibiotic resistance patterns, the tissue site and severity of infection, and the toxicity profile of the antibiotic. Vancomycin has been the traditional antibiotic employed for the treatment of MRSA pneumonia. It has been found, however, that problems with lung tissue penetration may limit the effectiveness of vancomycin   Similarly, daptomycin has been shown to have limited activity for pneumonia due to limited lung penetration and inhibition by surfactant. Linezolid has also recently been evaluated as a specific treatment for MRSA pneumonia, and found to have good lung tissue penetration capability (Bradley, 200575-77) Conclusions MRSA infection in the neonatal intensive care setting is associated with exceptional morbidity and mortality. Preventive measures are the key to victory against MRSA. Each unit has to chart out effective protocols of infection control and adhere to it with a strong will. References 1 Finkelstein LE etal(1999MRSA in NeonatesAm J Nurs, Volume 99(1).January.24 2   Kalia YN, Nonato LB, Lund CH, et al(1998) Development of skin barrier function in premature infants. J Invest Dermatol; 111:320-326 3 Mandel D, Littner Y, Mimouni FB, et al.( 2004) Nosocomial cutaneous abscesses in septic infants. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed; 89:F161-F162 4 American Academy of Pedaitrics and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (1997)Guidelines for Perinatal care, 4th ed. Elk Grove Village, IL, The Academy, 5 PARK CH etal(2007). Changing trend of neonatal infection: Experience at a newly established regional medical center in KoreaPediatr Int, Volume 49(1).24–30 6 Larson, E. L(1995). APIC guideline for handwashing and hand antisepsis in health care settings. Am.J. Infect.Control 23:251-269. 7   Hitomi S, Kubota M, Mori N, et al(2005): Control of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus outbreak in a neonatal intensive care unit by unselective use of nasal mupirocin ointment. J Hosp Infect; 46: 123–129 8 National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) System Report. Data Summary from January 1992 to June 2001. Issued August 2001. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/hip/NNIS/members/members.htm #nnisreports. Accessed Mar 5 2007 9   Nambiar S, Herwaldt LA, Singh N (2003). Outbreak of invasive disease caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in neonates and prevalence in the neonatal intensive care unit. Pediatr Crit Care Med, Volume 4(2).220-226 10 Masanga K etal (1999). Colonic Stenosis After Severe Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Enterocolitis In A Newborn. Pediatr Infect Dis J, Volume 18(2).169-171 11 Richtmann R etal.(2000) Outbreak Of Methicillin-Resistent Staphylococcus Aureus (Mrsa) Infection On A Neonate Intensive Care Unit (Nicu): The Key Role Of Infection Control Measures. Am J Infect Control, Volume 28(1).February 88-89. 12 Takahashi N (2003). Neonatal toxic shock syndrome-like exanthematous disease (NTED). Pediatr Int, Volume 45(2).233–237 13 Bradley JS (2005). Newer antistaphylococcal agents Curr Opin Pediatr, Volume 17(1).71-77                           

North and South

At the onset of the American Civil War, following the secession of the South from the Union to create the Confederate States of America, the North and South were two completely different worlds in terms of their way of life. Simply put, each region had a different goal for itself, had moved in a very different direction over the past 100 years since the end of the Revolutionary period. When the Civil War began in 1861 the two armies that would meet in battle after battle throughout the turbulent, bloody years of the Civil War were as different as any two groups could be, despite the fact that they were from the same country, in terms of their geography, their politics, and their military, all of which were contributing factors in the ultimate outcome of the war itself. The geography of the two regions of the United States can be linked to perhaps the major difference in terms of the two sides. In the North, where climates were colder, summer’s were shorter, and the productivity of small farming was low, industrialization became a major part of their way of life. People in the north mostly lived in towns or cities, and their livelihoods depended on going to work everyday at a factory or within some industry. They were used to taking orders and fulfilling them on a deadline. In the South, with their warm climate and long growing seasons, farming became a way of life. They lived an agrarian lifestyle, and therefore became more independent in terms of their views and thoughts. They had never had to answer to someone telling them what to do in the way that factory workers in the North did, which led to free-thinking and a sense of strong-willed independence. Their geography affected the way they thought and felt about themselves, and this would be an extremely important factor in the Civil War. The political climates of each region were affected by the types of mind sets that each group developed because of their ways of life. In the North, the prevailing idea was to create a strong and centralized federal government that would supercede any of the politics of the individual states. The view was that the federal government would have to be stronger than the states so that the country could create a higher power, so to speak, in government that would establish rules, regulations, and laws that all states had to abide by. Basically, the North wanted the government to be a mini-version of working for a business in the North–people not questioning the decisions of the federal government, and instead simply obeying. This idea went against everything the agrarian, independent South stood for. Besides the institution of slavery, the issues went much deeper as southerners felt that only a local, state government could really know the issues and problems for their individual states, and only a state government was best to deal with it. The secession from the Union to create the Confederate States of America just prior to the Civil War is a perfect example of how serious the South was about this. Militarily, the North and the South were very different as well. The North had three-times the population of the South, which meant many more soldiers to help the Union cause if the war was long and drawn out. In the North people were used to taking orders and blindly following them; in the South, people were much more independent-minded. The North also had one major advantage, the fact that they were industrialized and could quickly open and run factories to supply the army with any necessities, including arms and ammunition. This created a major divide in the two armies, that would end in a Union victory. The North and South were two completely different places, despite the fact they resided in the same borders. Their differences were too large to overcome without a war, and the Civil War was the cumulation of the politic and social bickering that had been happening for years. It is hard to imagine the South winning in light of so much stacked against them, and the North was simply better prepared due to their way of life and their industry to fight a long-standing war. Works Cited Nelson, Rebecca, ed. The Handy History Answer Book. Detroit: Invisible Ink, 1999. 105-110.

Cafe Amadeo Development Cooperative Essay

In September 24, 2014, Technological Institute of the Philippines (TIP) – Quezon City had a plant tour. It is one requirement in our course’s Production and Operation Management. Our two organizations that we went are in Cafe Amadeo Development Cooperative and in Tri-R Allied Industries, INC. Both of them are really exciting when we heard about those organizations that we will be going for. Our mission here is to get knowledge and to apply it for ourselves in our future work. It was very educational because we saw the processes of how they do the coffee and also the parts of the vehicle. But before all, my classmates and I met within the school at 4:30am exactly because we do not want to make us left the bus so we go ahead for our assurance. The bus leave at school at exactly 7o’clock in the morning. After traveling of almost 3 hours, we finally arrived in Cavite at 10:30 in the morning. We started to discover, observe and learn in Cafà © Amadeo Development Cooperative organization. Their exact place is at Barangay 6, Poblacion, Amadeo, Cavite. This is the logo and actual view of their business, Cafà © Amadeo has their general purpose, vision and mission. Here are they; GENERAL PURPOSE To promote the cooperative as way of life by improving the social and  economic well-being of the people. VISION The country leading cooperative that produces and distributes quality coffee. MISSION Produce and offer quality products and services through technologically advanced capabilities its members. Develop professional officers and management team encourge thrift and savings consciousness. In their organization, you should be truly honest and loyal. They held that kind of value. Mrs. Agnes, the spokes man told us that Cafà © Amadeo was started on June 28, 2002 with only 20 members. They have an investment of â‚ ±137,500.00 when Cafà © Amadeo started, but it is just bit of their money. The coffee millers and traders of Amadeo were taking the amount of coffee. Their coffee before were worth rage of â‚ ±450.00 – â‚ ±500.00 per cut. Per cut is about 1 kilo and it has coffee pod yet. The usual coffee before was too expensive but because the coffee was lack of supply, they washout the coffee. Most farmers before usually gets their livelihood in coffee, like Mrs. Agnes’ life. So they take another economical as farming pineapples and papayas because coffee was almost a year when you are harvest it. But the good news here is, the DTI, DOST, and Provincial Municipal helps their cooperative to promote their products. Their cooperative consists of Farmers, Traders, and Millers. All the members are encouraged to sell and to add capital. It has also set up five market outlets, three in Cavite, one in Paraà ±aque City and lately in San Fernando, Pampanga. From now on, the cooperative is fast growing and keeping to its mission of continually supplying best grade coffee beans and ground coffee for the entire benefit of Amadeo Coffee farmers (4,560) in general and of its members in particular. They has a different kinds of coffee and this is the, Arabica Coffee, Liberica / Baracco Roasted Coffee, Robusta, and Excelsa. Mrs.Agnes told us that Arabica Coffee is commonly in Davao, Baguio and Benguet because it springing up in high and cold areas. Liberica/Baracco Roasted Coffee produces big beans, resistant to drought. The pulp is very thick and it takes 40 days to dry. Robusta is the number 1 soluble of coffee and most preferred by coffee growers. It dries in 15 days and since the pulp easily separates from the beans, it takes least effort to clean. Excelsa, which is secondly to Baracco. Excelsa is also resistant to drought and takes 25 days to dry. With  a pulp that does not separate from the beans when milled. PROCESS OF CAFÉ AMADEO The process used by Cafà © Amadeo is continuous because there is a very high volume of nondiscrete, highly standardized output is desired and their products have almost no variety in output and no need for equipment flexibility. It is used to manufacture, produce, or process materials without interruption. It also produces greatest quantity of a product over the time. Continuous-flow production requires products for which the same level of quality can be reliably achieved as long as the process of manufacture and the ingredients are unchanged. A production worker in continuous production commonly works in rotating shifts. So that I think they used Job rotation which means having workers periodically exchange jobs to avoid having one or a few employees stuck in a monotonous job because some of the employees will be get bored from their jobs because some of the responsibility there is only putting coffees into their packages or to wait the coffee from machine. As what I remembered from the speaker, they chose Amadeo province because since then Amadeo is one of the places that already engaging in coffee farming and coffee is Amadeo’s major crop for trade. There is a very high volume of nondiscrete, highly standardized output is desired and their products have almost no variety in output and no need for equipment flexibility. Continuous-flow production requires products for which the same level of quality can be reliably achieved as long as the process of manufacture and the ingredients are unchanged. They’re also using Product layout, product layout in the sense that there is a flow in the production of coffees or there are step by step processes. From work station 1 to work station 2 and so on and so for. Cafà © Amadeo their stores are located near towns in different places in Cavite so that it can easily be seen by the travelers and also they can be easily recognized by their customers. When it comes to working condition their work places are full of ventilations and sound proof mirrors so that their workers cannot be bothered by any distractions such as heat and other factors that can affect their works. VISION To be the most preferred manufacturing solution provider MISSION AND GOALS PROFITS-To have a sustainable growth of 20% annually and to maximize profit margin. PEOPLE-Proud and Happy associates. PORTFOLIO- To be an industry market leader and game changer. PARTNERS- To be preferred name the industry. PLANET- To be an environmental friendly company. PRODUCTIVITY- Promote effective management of people time and money TRI-R ALLIED INDUSTRIES INC. PROCESS CAPABILITIES STAMPING Metal stamping presses range from 35 – 600 tons for manufacturing seat frames and automotive parts. PAINTING/PLATING Bare metal parts are pre-treated before powder coating at 240 degrees C. Aside from painting, engaged also in in-house plating. WELDING Welding process occupies a large part of automotive parts manufacturing. From thin metal sheets to form structures. Welding processes include resistance welding, arc and gas welding using welding assembly jigs. SEWING AND SEAT ASSEMBLY The company cut, saw and assembled motorcycle dual seat assembly using PVC leatherette. Pad cushion and bottom plate. FOAM INJECTION Two components chemicals are used both for automotive and motorcycle seat pads. MACHINING The in-house machining centre fabricates tool and dies. The in-house machining centres fabricate tool and dies. METAL CASTING The company also employ metal casting process using High Press Die and Ductile Iron Casting using aluminium or metal alloys. TRI-R PROCESS MAP TRI-R Inc. uses job shop processing because they are customizing metal processing shop. A job shop process creates the flexibility needed to produce a variety of products or services in significant quantities like in TRI-R they make different kinds of parts of vehicle/cars. Customization is relatively high, and volume for any one product to meet customer quality and service standards. The work force and equipment are flexible and handle various tasks. Typically, they make products to order and don’t produce them ahead of time. The specific needs of the next customer are unknown, and the timing of repeat orders from the same customer is unpredictable. Each new order is handled as a single unit–as a job. A job shop process primarily involves the use flexible flow strategy, with resources organized around the process. Most jobs have a different sequence of processing steps. The job shop is organized by process, where assembly lines or continuous flow operations are organized in a product layout. In the latter layout, equipment or work processes are arranged according to the exact steps in which the product is made and the path for each part resembles a straight line. And also TRI-R is using Product Layout processing because the layout of equipment and processes in the workstations are distributed around the needs of the end product. Each station is given a small task to complete in a certain sequence. Because according to the information that I’ve obtained TRI-R is using Product Engineering, according to the definition of Product Engineering it is the process of designing and developing a device, assembly, or system such that it is produced as an item for sale through some production manufacturing process. So that, it became my basis to say that they’re using product layout. Also they are using assembly line of production because the automobiles parts that they are processing are added as the semi-finished assembly moves from work station to work station where the parts are added in sequence until the final product is produced.

Aggressive Marketing and Consumption Culture Term Paper

Aggressive Marketing and Consumption Culture - Term Paper Example This paper seeks to evaluate through analysis in which critical marketing ideas would improve education in marketing and general practice and in the end link the outcome to the idea of people being what they consume. The case will, therefore, integrate the findings of a primary research based on a combination of the same theme areas and create an analysis in the literature. Improvement of any marketing idea is based on the subject getting the knowledge, transforming the theoretical perspectives and putting it into practice (Mort, 1997, p. 20). Marketing knowledge is wide and a basic idea to the business world. Improvement of this knowledge is based on the idea of improving the knowledge of the components of marketing. It, therefore, means that the improvement of the knowledge and practice can only be done if there is a collection of all components, paradigms, and strategies that will create a positive impression on the recipient of the knowledge for improvement. The most important target, however, is the consumer (Penington, 2000, p. 321). The creation of the ideas belying real production and satisfaction of the consumer is the ultimate goal of marketing. The end consumer behavior will determine the success of the knowledge created or the failure of the same. According to Caterral, Maclaran, and Stevens (1999), the improvement can be done by a focus on the marketing paradigms which start with ways of attracting a customer to the creation of the culture of consumption in the customer. This issue is supported by Christine (2013) who highlighted five critical areas of focus to improve marketing knowledge. The areas are; relationship marketing, network, diversity, evangelism, and culture creation. The latter is always the expected and intended outcome.

Russian scientists' contribution in the world science Essay

Russian scientists' contribution in the world science - Essay Example Economist and Noble prize winner Leonid Vitaliyevich Kantorovich, founder of linear programming. Nikolai Basov, who invented laser. Now, in this assignment let us discuss in detail the hurdles faced by them through the process of innovations and life history. Dmitri Mendedleev: One of the great scientists of Russia is the Dmitri Mendelev, survived from 1834 to 1907 and has contributed the precious Periodic Table of Elements. The story began when the atomic weights of elements were derived wrongly. As a result incorrect compounds were found to be formed. So there resulted a serious confusion in determining the characteristics of elements and their atomic weights (Allaby & Gjertsen, 2002). It was stated that Mendeleev derived the Periodic table in his dreams. Mendeleev had the vision of the Periodic table in his mind but unable to put them in to table. He worked continuously for three days to create the table. Ultimately he slept in his table and had a dream of the arranging the 63 ele ments in the Periodic Table of Elements. Then he wake up from the dream and derived the table that he dreamt. It was perfectly correct with only few corrections made in it. It took nearly 20 years to construct this precious table and his contribution helped greatly to learn the characteristics and property of the elements. Later he discovered Gallium, Scandium and Germanium. He worked as a professor at the St. University of Petersburg from 1868 to 1890. His other studies and contributions are Nature of solutions Expansion of liquids 40Â ° vodka formula 30 components formula derived in 5 rows. This was so simple and precise that his findings exceeded all the works of his predecessors. The derivation of 40Â ° vodka formula was really an interesting story. It was the time world over running researches on weight analysis on alcoholic solutions. Mendeleev received the accurate results by missing the alcohol with water based on weights while the whole other world used to mix by volumes. Then he formulated as the precise content of spirit in vodka to be 40Â °. Upon reciprocal dilution the largest compression a mixture can be made. That is 45.88% of anhydrous spirit can be mixed with 54.12% of water. To explain this exactly 1 liter of 40Â ° vodka weights 951 grams exactly (Allaby & Gjertsen, 2002). Sergei Vasilyevich Lebedev: Lebedev was born in 1834 in Lubin. He completed his graduation at St. Petersburg University. After his graduation he moved from university to university in charge of the work and finally settled down at the Petersburg Margarine Factory (Encyclopedia Britannica Inc, 2002). His main works are devoted to the invention of the polymerization of the hydrocarbons of ‘diene’ type. He was the first to produce the polybutadiene synthetic rubber. This synthetic rubber replaced the natural rubber and was produced during World War I as there was a shortage of natural rubber. His wrote a book named as ‘Research in polymerization of by-et hylene hydrocarbons’ in 1913, which became the basics guide for studies on synthetic rubber. He also introduced the modern methods which lead to the manufacture of the butyl synthetic rubber and poly iso-butylene with the help of his studies on polymerization of ethylene monomers. The access of reliable sources to natural rubber was difficult to Russians. Hence the mass production of the synthetic rubber was essential and this was launched in 1932. In 1940, they produced more than 50,000 tons per year. Later the process of obtaining butadiene rubber from ethyl