How Technology and Environment Might Influence the Structure of an Organisation

Student Name: Adeniyi Adebowale Module: Principles of Organising and Managing Student Number: 500188225 Due Date: 15th of March, 2010 Title: Explain how technology and environment might influence the structure of an organisation; support your answer with examples. Paragraphs: 25 Charles Perrow (1974) suggests that there are four types of technology that determines an organisation's most effective structure and success in the market. The following are the types of technology: Non-routine Technology are characterized by high task variability and low task analyzability, examples include tasks performed by research chemist, advertising agencies, high-tech product designers and top management teams. With this type of technology, an organization has to develop structure that allows employees to respond quickly to manage exceptions and create new solutions like an organic structure. Engineering Technology is characterized by high task variability and high task analyzability, examples of these includes civil engineering companies that build roads and bridges another example includes motor manufacturers that produce customized cars. Craft Technology is characterized by low task variability and low task analyzability, examples includes an accountant preparing a tax return and a plumber fitting a bath or shower. Robbins (1993) further argued that technology has and will continue to influence growth and development in organization. Technology has made a fundamental impact in the education sector, providing a competitive advantage that has come to be essential to many organizations. For example, education institutes must also use technology to improve the educational learning process. In the past decade, computers and the Internet have changed the way in which education can be delivered to students since it is currently possible to engage in distance education through the Internet. There are two means in which technologies can be used in delivering education to students and they are listed below: Synchronous Technologies is a mode of online delivery where all participants are â€Å"present† at the same time requiring a timetable to be organized. Web Conferencing is an example of synchronous technology. Asynchronous Technologies is a mode of online delivery where participants access course materials on their own schedule. Students are not required to be together at the same time. Message board forums, e-mail and recorded video are examples of asynchronous technology. draw:frame} {draw:frame} Source: Andrzej Huczynski and David Buchanan (2001), page 36. Placid, Randomized Placid, Clustered Disturbed, Reactive Turbulent Fields {draw:frame} The figure below outlines the suggested points in details: Source: Andrzej Huczynski and David Buchanan (2001), page 49. Source: Andrzej Huczynski and David Buchanan (2001), page 47 References Stephen P. Robbins, 1993, Or ganizational Behaviour, 6th Edition, Prentice Hall International, U. S. A. Stephen P. Robbins, 1994, Management, 4th Edition, Prentice Hall International, U. S. A. David Faulkner, 2002, Strategy_: Critical Perspective on Business and Management_, Volume 1, U. K. Lloyd S. Baird, James E. Post and John F. Mahon, 1990, Management: Function and Responsibilities, Harper Collins Publisher, U. S. A. Harold J. Leavitt, Louis R. Pondy, and David M Boje, 1988, Readings in Managerial Psychology, 4th Edition, The University of Chicago Press Ltd. U. S. A. Charles Perrow, 1974, Organizational Analysis: A Social View, Tavistock Publications, London, U. K. Alan Fox, 1974, Beyond Contract: Work, Power and Trust Relations (Society Today and Tomorrow), Faber Publishing, London, U. K.

Mission and vision Essay

Mission statement â€Å"Reason for existing† 1. What do we do? We drill, we make pipes, we make wells, we help to clean the environment, 2. How do we do it? 3. Who for? We do it for our clients, for the countries and in the end for local people 4. Why do you do it? Values Triple A – grade system HSE – employee and environment orientated Quality and Ethics – product and customer orientated Performance – business and finance orientated Fancy words to use: The best, clear, easy, secure, quality, strong, fast?, vision, make a change/traditional/growing business, innovative, progressive, excellence, sustainable, world-class/globally operating, inspiration, Make the brand stand for one thing. What is our product for? What role does it play in people’s lives? How does Bauer help the local community? Or globally? Corporate Social Responsibility Sustainable development the Group’s environmental policy stipulates that environmental impact must be minimized in all construction works and other projects Vision What do we want to achieve? In the future (Where are we going with this?) When would you be satisfied as the company owner? Obvious: We want to be N.1 company on the market Future of mankind Strategic goals Smaller visions for various areas, they are based on the vision and represent the desirable states and conditions which the company wants to achieve. Strategic, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic, Timed, Ethical, Rewarded Areas: 1. Market 2. Financial performance 3. Business growth 4. research and development, the level of technology and investment, 5. Social Services, the quality of employees and motivation systems, 6. implementation of information systems, and the environment Strategy How do we reach these strategic goals? Swot analysis http://www.linkedin.com/today/post/article/20130626044531-64875646-what-the-hell-is-wrong-with-mission-and-vision-statements BCG method Slogans used: We won’t stand still When others go into detail you deal with the big stuff at Bauer No hire and fire Halliburton: Solving challenges In the coming decades, energy resources will become increasingly difficult to find and access. As one of the world’s largest providers of products and services to the upstream energy industry, Halliburton serves the life cycle of the well. Using the latest geological technologies, we create data that help our customers locate oil and natural gas. When hydrocarbons are located, we provide solutions to determine if oil and gas can be produced. If a well is determined to be viable, we begin production and throughout the life of the field, we help ensure that our customers get optimal production rates. To prevent and respond to emergencies, customers call Halliburton for premier well intervention, pressure control, and pipeline and process services. Halliburton’s team of professionals around the globe provide these services to help our customers meet the world’s demand for energy, while maintaining the highest standards of environmental safety. The company serves the upstream oil and natural gas industry throughout the lifecycle of the reservoir: Create FAQ 1. What does the company do? 2. What industry are you in? for what industry do you provide? 3. How is the company organized? 4. What are your most significant projects?

Unit Three Critical Discussion Blog Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Unit Three Critical Discussion Blog - Assignment Example The word rendition means to carry or take something somewhere (with a slightly sinister echo of the word â€Å"render† or reduce and recycle a dead animal). The term as a whole is very abstract. There is no real nonverbal communication in the use of this term, but the body language of people who frequently use it suggests they are hiding something. As is suggested in Chapter 10, the delivery of meaning is very important: if your euphemism is as bad as this one, your body language may suggest you are being dishonest. People should be honest about what they mean. They could say something like international arrest, or extrajudicial arrest, if they want to be more ethical. As the textbook suggests, it is not ethical for members of government to try to hide the truth from citizens by using euphemisms. Another similar euphemism is Enhanced Interrogation Techniques when people mean

The Negative effect of Climate Change on Food Security in the Essay - 1

The Negative effect of Climate Change on Food Security in the Caribbean - Essay Example There is also the risk of islands disappearing in the Caribbean, Pacific and Indian Oceans. This can lead to production of large amounts of greenhouse gases which effect the Food adversely (Romeo et al. 2010). Deforestation and degradation of the land are intolerable practices in the agricultural sector. This causes large amount of carbon to be emitted in the atmosphere causing negative effects of climate change to occur. There is a need to harmonize the climate change and food security policies. In the Caribbean and Latin America alone, almost 53 million people suffered from hunger due to food insecurities caused by the negative climate change (Romeo et al. 2010). This needs to be monitored so that things can be improved and standardized for the betterment of the people’s lifestyle. Unfortunately the persistent issue of hunger in a world which is characterized by sufficient supply of wealth and food to feed the entire humanity along with the severe climate change has caused several people to lose hope. Romeo, C. C. M., Escajedo, S. E. L., Emaldi, C. A., & CaÃŒ tedra Interuniversitaria FundacioÃŒ n, European Society for Agricultural and Food Ethics., BBVA-DiputacioÃŒ n Foral de Bizkaia de Derecho y Genoma Humano. (2010).  Global food security: Ethical and legal challenges : EurSafe 2010, Bilbao, Spain, 16-18 September, 2010. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic

The impact of online courses on education. You might focus on a Essay

The impact of online courses on education. You might focus on a particular field of study for this choice I would focus on business - Essay Example Online education is one of the most important alternatives that can provide students time and new ideas for business oriented decisions. This essay will discuss about the impacts of online education on Master of Business Administration. Online education has been doubted by many people because of the change in the educational trend (Green, 2000). In the modern world Online education is accepted by students because of various reasons. Students who choose online education courses mostly belong from middle or lower class group and they prefer to work while they are studying. Master of Business Administration is a course that is available for business studies. Students participating in M.B.A. mostly have a tendency to become young entrepreneurs. Online educations have been able to shift the paradigm that has helped students to think in a creative manner because they are exposed to numerous knowledge forums rather than a single opinion of a particular text. Education should focus on business for solutions to its problems (Levy, 2003). Education does not simply mean a classroom with many students and a faculty standing in front of them. The implementation of technology is a positive way to achieve educational goals. Students getting knowledge through online education also get the support of faculties online. There are course materials provided to students through online web sites that offer the courses. In the traditional class-room there is a lack of innovation despite of prescribed texts and support from online materials. (Pierce, 2007) Students who go to college and sit in classroom have notion that they have to complete the syllabus provided to them in a stipulated amount of time but the creative thinking in the mind of students do-not get proper space to boost up. M.B.A. is a course that helps students to understand the working of organizations. The job profile and responsibility of an employee is well described in the course

Project two Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Project two - Essay Example This has however become much better than ever, women have started enjoying equal rights and have equal power as their counterparts. Feminism is a very important concept that must be thrown light upon when gender conflict is being talked about. Feminist aims at providing women more power and more rights than ever seen before. There are several feminists fighting for the rights of women all across the globe. Respect is also another important factor for which the feminists are consistently fighting. Gender conflict has made us understand how people enjoy preferential treatment and how the inferior strive for parity in the society. Race conflict is also quite similar to gender conflict, some people consider that their race is superior and others are inferior to them, this is certainly beyond the pale. Having a level playing field in the society is essential to facilitate growth; an ideal society always provides a level playing field. â€Å"Rae Lesser Blumberg developed a theory emphasiz ing women’s degree of control of the means of production and the distribution of economic surplus.† (Blumberg) Blumberg’s aimed at explaining the position of women relative to men in almost all types of societies. These societies included the earliest societies to the late twentieth century. This theory discussed some really important aspects like economic power of women, importance of women in the society, economic power of women in the society, sexual stratification so on and so forth. â€Å"Sexual stratification, Blumberg argues, is ultimately driven by the degree to which, relative to men, women control the means of production and the allocation of productive surplus or, in Marxian terms, â€Å"surplus value.† Such control gives women  economic power  that, in turn, influences their level of political power, prestige, and other stratifying resources. In Blumberg’s view, sexual inequalities are â€Å"nested† at diverse levels: Male-fe male relations are nested in households; households are nested in local communities; and if a society is sufficiently large to reveal a coercive state and a system of class stratification, household and community are nested inside of the class structure that, in turn, is lodged within a larger state-managed society. This nesting is important because women’s control of economic resources can be located at different levels, and the level at which their economic power is strongest influences the power that women can command at the other levels of social organization.† (Feminist Conflict Theory) Macro level control and micro level control are some important aspects which must be paid attention to. A woman is ought to enjoy power in a household if she contributes immensely to the income of a household, she will have a say in micro aspects of the household as well if she can contribute towards work and family income. Similarly a woman who is not able to earn and contribute to wards the household income will not enjoy as much freedom and control as a woman who can earn and support her family. Financial freedom is extremely important for a woman to be considered powerful enough; only a powerful woman can make decisions and can stand against oppression. Economic power at a macro level facilitates women in getting political as well as coercive power in the society. The economic power of women is consistently on the rise; this is the time of transition. This period of transition is perceived as a major

Fair Trade Degree Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Fair Trade Degree - Essay Example While the banks do not accept that the unfairness rules of the Unfair Terms in Consumer Contract Regulations apply, the OFT argue that such rules apply. A swift determination of this issue will assist expeditiously resolve the fairness issue of these charges.2 The 1999 Regulations, implementing the Directive, revoked and replaced the Unfair Terms in Consumer Contract Regulations 1994. The 1999 Regulations apply in relation to terms in contracts concluded between a seller or a supplier and a consumer (Regulation 4(1)). Regulation 5(1) provides: "A contractual term which has not been individually negotiated shall be regarded as unfair if, contrary to the requirement of good faith, it causes a significant imbalance in the parties' rights and obligations arising under the contract, to the detriment of the consumer." Regulation 5(5) provides that Schedule 2 to the 1999 Regulations contains an indicative and non-exhaustive list of the terms which may be regarded as unfair. Regulation 8(1) provides that an unfair term in a contract concluded with a consumer by a seller or supplier shall not be binding on the consumer. Regulation 8(2) provides that the contract shall continue to bind the parties if it is capable of continuing in existence without the unfair term. The only material exception to the applicability of the test of fairness set out in 1999 Regulations is contained in Regulation 6(2) relating to what are called, for short, "core terms": "In so far as it is in plain intelligible language, the assessment of fairness of a term shall not relate- (a) to the definition of the main subject matter of the contract, or (b) to the adequacy of the price or remuneration, as against the goods or services supplied in exchange". Banks enter into personal current account agreements with their customers who are consumers, containing the terms and conditions relating to the operation of those current accounts by such customers. In so far as any of these terms and charges are contained in documents which are described as notices to, guides to, or communications with, customers, they are nevertheless to be considered as terms of a contract between the Bank and its customers for the purposes of the 1999 Regulations, whether or not they are described as terms or as "policies of the bank" or as anything else. The Banks' current account agreements typically provide or provided for three types of payments to be demanded from customers in connection with unauthorised overdrafts: A fee charged by Banks: (a) when a customer seeks to operate his current account in a way that will result in the account being debited despite there being insufficient available funds to support the debit but the Bank nevertheless agrees to ef fect payment, causing the account to go into overdraft or further overdraft, or to exceed, or further exceed, an already agreed overdraft limit; when a customer moves into or is in an unauthorised overdrawn position within a specified period. A returned item fee, e.g. as in the previous case, a cheque is presented but in this case the Bank declines to authorise payment because there are insufficient funds, and the cheque has to be returned to the payee marked "R/D" or "RDPR" or "Effects uncleared". An increased rate of interest charged on unauthorised overdrafts granted in the circumstances set out above. The provisions in the

The Greatest Failure of the Current Wave of Financial Globalisation Essay

The Greatest Failure of the Current Wave of Financial Globalisation - Essay Example Those countries that are able to integrate with the environmental changes will be experiencing more economic growth while others will be experiencing the economic recession. Globalisation has resulted from many years of human inventions and technological improvement. It pertains to the integration of economic activities all over the world through endless trading of products and services as well as the exchanging of cash flows. Sometimes, globalization relates to the constant movement of technology and business people including the skilled and unskilled workers. Even intangible thing such as knowledge and skills are also being transferred from one country to another. During globalization, the local and international markets are promoting efficiency because of the tight competition worldwide. Even the workforces have to become more competitive and flexible so they could keep up with their job. The global markets open a wider opportunity for these people to tap into larger markets all over the world. The global business cycle that we are dealing today is actually creating huge imbalances between UK’s cash inflow and outflows. As globalization contin uous, the global financial trend also changes. These changes will eventually be considered as one of the greatest failure of the current financial trend due to globalization. The effect of international trade on a country’s economy can be examined and measured by looking at the changes in the ratio of international trade, the total export plus the total imports to the output of GDP of an economy. According to Dollar and Kraay (2001), globalization reduces poverty.

Gender inequality in Russia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Gender inequality in Russia - Essay Example It is generally agreed that Russian women are not equal to men and that they undergo oppression. Vovk indicates that in national home interviews carried out in the year 2005 (February 25 to 27) in a hundred residencies in forty-four regions, 24 percent of respondents held the opinion that the world treats women and men in the same way. On the other hand, 61 percent of respondents believed that Russian women’s life is harder compared to men, while 8 percent believed that women live an easier life. Generally, the same is true for promotion and self-actualization. Of the year 2005 respondents 51 percent concur that in the present day, men have more opportunities for the realization of their potential, while in national home interviews carried out in the year 2004 (February 28-29), 58 percent of the respondents concur that the `double standard' that Russian institutions and companies practice provides men with better career opportunities. According to 30 percent and 37 percent, re spectively, though, Russian women have equal chances with men for promotion and self-actualization. Gender inequality in Russia manifests itself in different spheres, the first one being access to education. While the traditionally ‘male’ professions have been free/no-fee, the Russian government-introduced for-fee education has predominantly affected women or the ‘female’ professions making it hard for them to learn. This implies that the expenditure of budget money that the federal government allocates for education has progressively become gender asymmetric, and not in women’s favour. As far as higher education is concerned, the mounting discrimination policy on the part of educational institutions themselves is a crucial factor that makes it difficult for women to access education. In the 1960s, the gender factor only decreased the female applicants’ chances of enrolment in higher educational establishments by 2.4 percent. In the 1980s, it decreased their chances by 6.2 percent while by 1990s, it had reduced them by 12 percent (Mezentseva, 1). Another vital area in which women in Russia are discriminated against has to do with wage levels/material gains from education. Mezentseva notes that although women trail behind men concerning wage levels in all countries, the rise educational levels is narrowing this gap in virtually all countries. However, to date, this trend is the reverse in Russia. A study from the RLMS5 in 1998 revealed that the average wage of a woman varies from 53-66 percent of that of a man for the seven recognized educational levels (from ‘no secondary education’ to ‘higher education’). On the average, females with postgraduate education receive lower wages compared to men with secondary education. Women with university education only earn more compared to men with incomplete university education (Roshchin, 11). The least material return from education was observed in profess ional groups where women are in the majority, while the biggest the biggest material gain from education w